Diversity of Living Things Classification The Five Kingdoms Adaptation

CLASSIFICATION Methods of grouping things according to similarities and differences (ex. colour, age, size) Sorting things into groups helps put order into our lives.

Carolus Linnaeus 1700's - Carolus Linnaeus - Swedish Biologist established a simple system for classifying and naming organisms Based on structural similarities of organism Binomial Nomenclature - 2 name naming system - still in use today. Created a system of groups called TAXA or TAXON Each Taxon is a category into which related organisms are placed Approximately 2.5 million kinds of organisms identified

TAXONOMY The Science of classifying organisms Classifying plants or animals can be difficult Where do we put the frogs? TAXONOMY Where do we put the dogs?

The Five Kingdoms Protist Monera (bacteria) Fungi Plant Animal

The Protist Kingdom Amoeba Single Celled All have a nucleus Absorb, ingest, and/or photosynthesize food Examples are: paramecium, amoeba Amoeba

Examples Paramecium

The Monera (Bacteria) Kingdom Simplest form of life Do not have a nucleus Absorb food These are bacteria and cyanobacteria which is also referred to as blue green algae Bacteria can be found anywhere, it can grow in hot or cold places Bacteria can feed on many different things

Examples E. Coli Staphylococcus aureus means "golden cluster seed" in Latin E. Coli Methanogenium frigidum bacteria prefer the cold

The Fungi Kingdom Rooted to the ground Are Not green Cannot make their own food Mushrooms, yeasts, moulds are all forms of fungi They breakdown dead animal and plant remains

The Plant Kingdom Second largest group of living things on earth Can grow almost anywhere there is light and water Trap energy from the sun and make their own food Examples are ferns, evergreens, roses

Examples

The Animal Kingdom Largest group of living things on earth Have many cells Cannot make their own food More than a million different kinds of species Able to move Examples; insects mammals, amphibians

Examples

Adaptations Some plants and animals have special structures and behaviours called adaptations. These adaptations allow them to live successfully in their environment

3 KINDS OF ADAPTATIONS WE WILL EXAMINE ARE: CAMOUFLAGE WARNING COLOURATION MINICRY

Camouflage Makes organisms difficult to see Helps plants or animals to hide Helps animals sneak up on prey Chameleons can change their skin so it blends in with its Background. Camouflage helps the chameleon to hide. Can you find the Chameleon?

Warning Colouration Is bright and easy to see Is used by organisms that are poisonous, or dangerous Is used to warn away animals, to keep them from trying to eat an organism The Monarch butterfly has a very bitter taste that birds hate. After trying to eat a monarch butterfly, a bird will remember the bitter taste and the bright pattern, and avoid Monarchs in future

Mimicry Makes an organism look like another organism Is used to trick animals The Viceroy butterfly looks like a Monarch butterfly, but it doesn’t taste bitter. Birds avoid the Viceroy butterfly, because they think it is the Monarch

REVIEW What does it mean to classify items? Who is Carols Linnaeus? And why is he important? What is Taxonomy? What are the 5 Kingdoms? List and explain each one briefly. What is Adaptation? What three kinds of adaptation were discussed? List and explain each one briefly