National 3 Unit 2 – Nature’s Chemistry Fuels and Energy National 3 Unit 2 – Nature’s Chemistry

What is a fuel? A fuel is a substance that can be burned to release energy

The Fire Triangle A fire needs 3 things in order to keep burning: If the fire is starved of one or more of these it will go out.

Fire Extinguishers Video Different fire extinguishers are used for different fuel sources. Video

Combustion Fuels containing only carbon and hydrogen atoms are known as hydrocarbons. When a hydrocarbon burns it is known as combustion. Hydrocarbon + oxygen carbon dioxide + water You can test for the production of carbon dioxide using lime water: Carbon dioxide turns lime water cloudy

Different Fuels Here are some different fuels with some advantages and disadvantages: Fuel Advantage Disadvantage Petrol Provides a lot of energy It is a finite resource- it will eventually run out Alcohol It is renewable – can be remade Need a lot of landmass to make it Biomass It is expensive to make them

Everyday Consumer Products National 3 Unit 2 – Nature’s Chemistry

Plants Plants (producers) are the first source of energy in all food chains. They change light energy from the sun into chemical energy that animals (consumers) can use.

Fertilisers Fertilisers are chemicals that are used to help plants grow. They contain minerals that the plant needs in order to grow into a big, healthy plant.

Food from Plants Plants make and store food in the form of starch. We know this because when iodine solution is placed on a leaf, it turns a blue/black colour Test for starch: Iodine solution turns from brown to blue/black

Alcohol from Plants Some plants can be used to make alcohol by fermentation. Fermented Plant Alcohol Produced Grapes Wine Potatoes Vodka Apples Cider

Harmful Effects of Alcohol Alcohol can damage the body in the following ways:

National 3 Unit 2 – Nature’s Chemistry Plants to Products National 3 Unit 2 – Nature’s Chemistry

Products from Plants Plants can be used to make products we use daily Poppy Morphine Flax Linen Aloe Vera Moisturising cream Lemon Shampoo Lavender Soap Peppermint Mouthwash