Chapter 6 Part II.

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Presentation transcript:

Chapter 6 Part II

Godlike Heroes Children of the gods Heracles Son of Zeus and a mortal Very strong, courageous Became a god upon his death Performed ten great labors Killed the Nemean lion Captured the Minoan bull Battled the Cerberus

Godlike heroes, continued Theseus Killed the Minotaur Jason Led the Argonauts on a quest for the Golden Fleece Cadmus Killed a dragon Bellerophon and Pegasus Killed the Chimera monster Atlanta Part of the Argonauts, a runner

Prayers and Sacrifices Greeks worshipped the Olympians If things did not go well for them, they assumed that they had angered the gods Sacrificed animals Very superstitious about what the entrails showed

Prayers and sacrifice, continued Each city had its own patron deity and local gods (in addition to the Olympians) Altars in homes and the city Festivals Beginnings of Greek theater and the Olympic Games All towns had a hearth (Hestia)

Prayers and sacrifice, continued What was missing from Greek society? Moral code Hubris – excessive pride or arrogance What was the job of the priest? What was the purpose of a temple?

The Greek Concept of death Woman of the household washed the body with olive oil, dressed it in white, placed a wreath on the head Funeral procession Both men and women buried with special possessions

The greek concept of death, continued Life after death Soul went to the Underworld Guided by Hermes to the River Styx Coin given to Charon to cross Cerberus on other side Drank from the Lethe River So you forget about life on earth

Judgment Souls were judged on the person’s former life Tartarus For the wicked Asphodel Fields Where most ended up; a boring, aimless afterlife Elysian Fields For those who had led a virtuous life Isles of the Blessed Nearly impossible to achieve

The Oracles Oracles – religious shrines Delphi Special priests relayed messages and interpreted the answer Over 250 oracles in Greece Delphi Most famous oracle at Apollo’s temple On Mt. Parnassus Greeks considered this the center of the world Priestess was called Pythia

The oracles How did Pythia communicate with Apollo? What was the process to have your question answered? What happened to Pythia? Who was the oldest oracle? Dodona

Religion and Science Greeks questioned the world around them, despite their belief in supernatural deities Saw no contradiction between religion and science

Questions on page 63 #7 – Who was Cerberus? #8 – What were the Elysian Fields? #9 – How did the priests at the oracles solve the problems of finding acceptable answers to difficult questions? #10 – How did the Greeks reconcile their religious beliefs with their respect for human reasoning?