Lipids-2015 COMPARISON OF THE LIPID CONTENT AND FUMONISINS CONCENTRATION IN MAIZE GENETIC DIVERSITY Dr. Silvia Denise Peña Betancourt Toxicology Laboratory University Autonomous Metropolitan

Content Mexican maize diversity Mexican diet Overweight, obesity and diabetes Comparation of lipids and fumonisins content Conclusions

Maize In Mexico there are more than 59 races and 2000 varieties Lipids-2015 Conference Maize In Mexico there are more than 59 races and 2000 varieties Native corn

Lipids-2015 Conference The native seed is planting in 50% of national land into small farms with manual agronomic practices depending of rain as water resource

We have too new varieties of maize from genetic manipulation Lipids-2015 Conference We have too new varieties of maize from genetic manipulation These varieties expresse recombinant proteins or Crystal proteins Bt maize Sequencing of maize genome

There are some hybrid maize can be resistant to fungus Lipids-2015 Conference There are some hybrid maize can be resistant to fungus Fusarium it is a commun fungus in agricultural maize soils Fusarium cause an great loss annual field crop

Lipids-2015 Conference Fusarium verticillioides synthesizing Fumonisins can be harmfull for human

The regulation by corn flour is 2-4 ppm Lipids-2015 Conference Environmental Protection Agency added Fumonisin B1 to the list of causing cancer substances in California State USA The regulation by corn flour is 2-4 ppm FDA, USA established an IDA in 2 ppb

The maize we eat came from a great genetic diversity Lipids-2015 Conference The maize we eat came from a great genetic diversity The consume of corn as Tortillas (flat pancake) is 33 g/day by adult person almost 50% of Energy intake needed Tortillas are rich in starch, saturated, mono and poliunsaturated lipids 121

According to National Health and Nutrition in 2012 Lipids-2015 Conference According to National Health and Nutrition in 2012

6% of Mexican population has Diabetes Type 2 represented 7.32 millions Lipids-2015 Conference 6% of Mexican population has Diabetes Type 2 represented 7.32 millions Of diabetes is caused by obesity and overweight

Lipids-2015 Conference Comparision of lipids and fumonisins content in maize with diversity genetic 39 samples of maize from Morelos, State of Mexico and Hidalgo Hybrid maize Bt maize Native maize

Chemical Analysis test Lipids-2015 Conference Chemical Analysis test Total lipid content by Official method AOAC, 1990. Goldfish technique Fatty acid methyl esters by Gaseous Cromatography Fumonisins determination by QuickTox Fumonisins (LFD)

Fumonisins detection (FLD) Lipids-2015 Conference Fumonisins detection (FLD)

Fumonisins quantification Lipids-2015 Conference Fumonisins quantification

Lipids-2015 Conference RESULTS Fumonisin levels detected in native and improved corn hybrids are in recommendation (1.20 ppm) Bt maize can reduce 36.66% Fumonisins contamination

Lipids-2015 Conference PROOF POSITIVE TO FUMONSINS RESULTS

MYCOTOXINS (MULTY ANALYSIS)

Comparison between genotypes maize Lipids-2015 Conference Comparison between genotypes maize

Lipids-2015 Conference Profile fatty acids Profi

Lipids-2015 Conference CONCLUSIONS There are differences in the lipid content of corn genotype The lipid profile varies depending on the genotype and the place of origin (environmental conditions) The improved maize increase the calories intake in Mexican diet causing overweight, diabetes and heart problems Fumonisin was detected in all genotypes of maize evaluated There is a risk for the consumer of corn contaminated with fumonisin metabolism of sphingolipids It is urgent to continue clinical research on the role of fatty acids monunsaturated with increased insulin resistance

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