Mr. Olivares Pre-AP Science NSMS Weather 2016-2017 Mr. Olivares Pre-AP Science NSMS

Create a Divider Unit: 9 Weather Draw something related to weather on the divider If I gave you a progress report, make sure to turn it in.

Warm up (2-13-17) 1. What keeps our planet warm and where does such thing come from? 2. Which areas of the Worlds are hotter? Why?

Earth’s Energy source Our planets energy source comes from the sun. What kind of Energy? Radiant Energy is our planet’s energy source. How does it get to Earth? Through a process called radiation.

Radiation: The transfer of Energy by electromagnetic waves. Radiant Energy mainly consist of Visible Light, UV rays, and Infrared radiation. Visible Light is what we can see (colors of the rainbow). The majority of sunlight (radiation) is visible light.

Thermal Energy Visible Light turns into Thermal Energy once it reaches the Surface of the planet. Only 50% of the sunlight (Radiation) is absorbed by the Earth, the rest is reflected. The other 50% is reflected by the clouds, particles in the atmosphere, and some by land and water.

Where does the Earth absorbs most of the Energy Where does the Earth absorbs most of the Energy? Draw the picture, and discuss the answer with your table (4mins)

The Earth absorbs most of the Radiant Energy in the Equator. The Radiation concentrates in a small area

The poles do not get as much Radiation since the light spreads over a larger area.

What are the results of Uneven Heating of the Planet? Ocean Currents & Winds

How does the Uneven Heating of the planet causes Ocean Currents and Winds? Take 2 minutes to discuss the answer with your table.

Well, it creates convection currents. How does the Uneven Heating of the planet causes Ocean Currents and Winds? Well, it creates convection currents.

What is convection though? Convection: The transfer of Thermal Energy by the movement of particles within matter. Draw the Picture, make It pretty!

High and Low Pressure Cold air/water has a High Pressure (particles are compact) Warm air/water has a Low pressure (particles spread apart)

The differences in pressures causes areas with high pressure to move into areas with low pressure. Video

For example Conduction and Radiation. Is there any other ways in which Thermal Energy can be transfer? Of course! For example Conduction and Radiation. Conduction: The Transfer of Thermal Energy By collision between particles in matter. Radiation, Definition in your Notes -Who wants to read it out loud?

Draw it, MAKE IT PRETTY!

How do convection currents create ocean currents and winds How do convection currents create ocean currents and winds? Discuss it with your table

Ocean Currents created by the differences in temperatures The Sun’s radiation heats up more the latitudes near the Equator than the poles. Cold water travels to the Equator, and Warm water travels to the poles

WARM UP “assignment # 2” 1. Why are the Poles of the Earth cooler than Tropical areas? 2.When you stand still under the sun, what kind of thermal energy do you experience? 3.next to a fire? 4.Walking bare footed on concrete (summer time?) 5.Do air moves from low pressure areas to high pressure areas or the other way around?

What about Wind? How is it created?

WIND Hot air rises (low pressure), Cold air (High Pressure) sinks Draw the picture and make it pretty!

What gets hotter and cooler faster, land or water? Discuss it with your table

What gets hotter and cooler faster, land or water? Land absorbs and loses Heat faster than water

Land Breeze and Sea Breeze So what? Well, we can explain the wind that we feel when we are close to the ocean. Land Breeze and Sea Breeze

Sea Breeze Wind That blows from sea to land. Draw It

Land Breeze Wind that blows from land to sea. Draw it

Video Crash Course

How come sometimes the weather is humid and warm, and sometimes is cold and dry? What do the different wind patterns create?

Air Masses Large bodies of air that have uniform temperature, humidity, and pressure. Draw it, Do your best! Draw it, Do your best! Draw it, Do your best! Draw it, Do your best!

How do you classify air masses? Air masses are classified by their Temperature and Moisture characteristics.

So…… Continental air masses: those that form over land.

Maritime air masses Those that form over oceans and water

Air Masses, Air Masses, Air Masses Tropical Air Masses: Those that form in the Equatorial regions Polar Air Masses: Those that form in cold regions. Arctic and Antarctic Air Masses: they form near the poles. Continental: Originates on land Maritime: originates in the oceans

Open Your Books on page number 454 Write down the characteristics of the air masses. 5 in total. Once you finish, Write and Answer question #3 on page 454 by using the following picture

Warm up Assignment #3 1. Explain the paths of the ocean currents? 2. Which air mass is denser: a cold air mass or a warm air mass? explain 3.What rises, Hot air or Cold air? Why?

Ocean currents worksheet 12 mins to color it and answer the questions. Work with your shoulder partner. Currents moving from tropical areas to the poles should be red, orange, or yellow. Currents moving from the poles to tropical areas should be blue, purple or violet.

Follow up questions From the Ocean Currents In which direction do the oceans move in the Northern Hemisphere? Southern Hemisphere? 2. How will you predict the weather to be in Houston if we get a maritime tropical air mass coming from the gulf stream? 3. What about California with a maritime air mass coming from the California current?

Follow up questions From the Ocean Currents 1. In which direction do the oceans move in the Northern Hemisphere? Southern Hemisphere? North=clockwise,, South= Counterclockwise 2. How will you predict the weather to be in Houston if we get a maritime tropical air mass coming from the gulf stream? Hot and Humid 3. What about California with a maritime polar air mass coming from the California current? Cold and Humid

High Pressure System Large body of circulating air with high pressure (warm air) at its center and lower pressure outside the system. Because air moves from high pressure to low pressure, the air inside the system moves away from the center. Dense air sinks bringing clear skies and fair weather.

High pressure system, Draw it, color code the arrows

Low Pressure System Large body of circulating air with low pressure at its center and higher pressure outside of the system. This causes air inside the low pressure system to rise. The raising cool air, and the water vapor condenses forming clouds and sometimes precipitation- rain or snow.

Low pressure system, Draw it and color code the arrows.

Fronts The following symbols represent different fronts on a map Fronts The following symbols represent different fronts on a map. Draw them and color code them

What is a Front? A front is a boundary in between two air masses. Changes in temperature, humidity, cloud types, wind, and precipitation are common at fronts.

How do fronts form? Fronts form when air masses bump into each other. Weather changes along fronts when two air masses collide because one air mass is usually forced to rise, which can change temperature and humidity levels.

Warm Front Draw the pic Forms When warm less dense air moves towards colder, dense air. Creates a wide blanket of clouds, which bring steady rain or snow for several hours or days.

Cold Front Cold air moves toward warm air. Warm air is forced to raise and it cools forming clouds As it cools it forms clouds Showers and Thunderstorms often form Draw the picture, Make it Pretty! Draw the picture, Make it Pretty!

Occluded Front Cold fronts move faster than warm fronts. Occluded Fronts occurred when a cold front catches up with a slow moving warm front. Draw it, and make it look nice =)

Stationary Front When the boundary between two air masses stalls. Draw, make it look nice!