Stephen Palma-Marinaro Period 1 6/11/13

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Presentation transcript:

Stephen Palma-Marinaro Period 1 6/11/13 An Investigation on the Evolution of Autoimmune Disease, Specifically Crohns Disease Stephen Palma-Marinaro Period 1 6/11/13

Ancient Lifestyle and Diet

Westernized diet

Non-Westernized Diet Low Blood Pressure Excellent Insulin Sensitivity Lower Body Mass Index Lower waist/Height ratio Better Visual Activity Lower Fracture Rates Better Bone health

Industrial Revolution 1760-1830 Rise of Factories Separation of household and plant

Autoimmune Diseases

Crohn’s Disease Autoimmune disease that produces an inflammatory condition of the gastrointestinal tract. Genetics NOD2 gene defect Bacterial flora of gut Mycobacterium avium Paratuberculosis (MAP) Bacteroides Smoking Stress Diet*

Crohn’s Disease 400,000-500,000 cases of Crohn’s disease in the U.S.A. Sign/ Symptom Description Diarrhea Typically 4 episodes per day. Abdominal pain or cramping Moderate to severe tenderness Blood in stool Present Weight loss/ anorexia Common due to poor digestion & intestinal absorption Appetite Decreased Risk of colon cancer Increased (Economoua & Pappas, 2007) (Head & Jurenka, 2003) 400,000-500,000 cases of Crohn’s disease in the U.S.A. 2007 reports highest incidence rates in: New Zealand, Canada, Scotland, France, Netherlands and Scandinavia.

Link Between Modern Diet and Crohn’s Autoimmune diseases are rare or virtually absent in hunter-gatherers and non-westernized populations.

Treatments for Crohn’s Disease Conventional Treatments: Surgery, Elemental Diet, Antibiotics, Corticosteroids

Works Cited American Autoimmune Related Diseases Association, Inc. http://goo.gl/maps/PeQgE (accessed 27 November 2012). Andoh, A., H. Imaeda., T. Aomatsu., O. Inatomi., S. Bamba., M. Sasaki., Y. Saito., TTsujikawa. And Y. Fuhiyama. 2011. Comparison of the fecal microbiota profiles between ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease using terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. Journal of Gastroenterology 46:479-486. Bach, J.F.? 2002. Increasing rate of Crohn's Disease and other immune disorders. New England Journal of Medicine 347:911-920. Baylor College of Medicine. The Human Microbiome Project. http://www.bcm.edu/molvir/microbiome (5 December 2012). Hermon-Taylor, J. 2001. Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis: the nature of the problem. Food Control 12:331-334. Lindeberg S. 2010. Food and Western Disease: Health and Nutrition from an Evolutionary Perspective. Chichester, UK: Wiley-Blackwell. United States National Library of Medicine. Immune Response. http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000821.htm (accessed 28 November 2012).