Grade 12 Global Geography

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Presentation transcript:

Grade 12 Global Geography Urbanization Grade 12 Global Geography

What is urbanisation Urbanization: The physical growth of urban areas due to population growth It is a process The demographics of urban areas change throughout this process Economies of urban areas also change as they grow

Topics We Will Cover Introduction to Urbanization and Terms Organisation of Cities, and types of Cities Land Use theories Mega Cities/Rapid Urbanization – Problems and Solutions Urban Planning The problem of urban sprawl Rethinking Canadian Urban Spaces

People Moving into Urban Areas Canada is an Urban nation with 80% of our population living in Urban areas. 90% of our population growth now happens in our 33 largest cities. Urbanization is occurring globally as population grows and people move to larger economic centers. More than 50% of the worlds population now lives in urban areas In 1900 this number was only 13% Urbanization is happening most rapidly in Developing Countries

Review:Push and Pull Factors Push Factors Pull Factors Poverty and poor living conditions No access to land No education/health services No jobs Employment Healthcare Education opportunities Availability of food entertainment

Urbanization is Continuing Globally

What is a city? In different countries there are different definitions for Urban areas Canadian Urban Area: Persons living in continuously build-up areas having a population concentration of 1,000 or more and a population density of 400 or more per square kilometre. Firstly however a City can is and example a of a Central Place: A Central Place – Is any place that provides a good or service to a surrounding market area.

Definitions Hamlet – Less than 100 people Village – between 100 and 1000 Town – between 1000 and 10 000 City – between 10 000 and 1 000 000 Metropolis – btw 1 000 000 and 10 000 000 Megalopolis – Greater than 10 000 000 Conurbation - several megalopolises and metropolises joined together with a total population over 20 000 000. Ex. BosNyWash

BOSNYWASH

Definitions Central Metropolitan Area: In Canada, any central place over 100 000 people is called a Census Metropolitan Area or CMA. CMA’s are the fastest growing parts of Canada.

Population of census metropolitan areas (2006 Census boundaries) 2006 2007 2008 persons (thousands) St. John's (N.L.) 183.4 183.6 185.7 Halifax (N.S.) 384.8 388.4 394.6 Moncton (N.B.)1 129.5 130.6 132.2 Saint John (N.B.) 125 125.2 125.8 Saguenay (Que.) 152.5 151.8 153.3 Québec (Que.) 724.3 730.4 738.9 Sherbrooke (Que.) 188.7 190.2 191.4 Trois-Rivières (Que.) 142.5 143.2 144.6 Montréal (Que.) 3,685.00 3,720.60 3,750.50 Ottawa-Gatineau (Ont.-Queb.) 1,169.00 1,182.90 1,198.70 Kingston (Ont.) 158 158.3 158.8 Peterborough (Ont.)1 120.5 120.7 120.8 Oshawa (Ont.) 344.2 350.4 356.6 Toronto (Ont.) 5,336.70 5,431.80 5,531.30 Hamilton (Ont.) 719.9 725.5 731.5 St. Catharines-Niagara (Ont.) 404.1 403.9 403.7 Kitchener (Ont.) 470.7 476.3 482 Brantford (Ont.)1 135.4 136 136.6 2008 Pop.

Abbotsford-Mission (B.C.) Vancouver (B.C.) Victoria (B.C.) Guelph (Ont.)1 132.2 133.1 134.1 London (Ont.) 477.6 481.3 485.2 Windsor (Ont.) 336.1 334.9 333.6 Barrie (Ont.)1 183.9 186 188.2 Greater Sudbury (Ont.) 164.2 164.5 164.8 Thunder Bay (Ont.) 127.1 125.9 124.6 Winnipeg (Man.) 716.4 723.1 732.6 Regina (Sask.) 200.1 202.5 206.7 Saskatoon (Sask.) 240.5 244.1 250.4 Calgary (Alta.) 1,123.90 1,155.70 1,182.40 Edmonton (Alta.) 1,073.80 1,100.90 1,124.20 Kelowna (B.C.)1 167.1 170.9 180.1 Abbotsford-Mission (B.C.) 164.3 167.3 170.7 Vancouver (B.C.) 2,190.10 2,232.00 2,271.20 Victoria (B.C.) 339.8 343.1 348.2 Note: Population as of July 1. 1. Barrie, Brantford, Guelph, Kelowna, Moncton and Peterborough became census metropolitan areas in 2006. Source: Statistics Canada, CANSIM, table (for fee) 051-0046 and Catalogue no. 91C0029.

Site and Situation Two Geographic terms Site: the physical/natural characteristics and exact location of the community itself. Situation: refers to the features of the region that surround the specific settlement. The situation may include factors such as economic capability, climatic conditions, relation to other central places, transportation and direction. The situation includes a much larger area than does the site. Halifax Example…..

Halifax