The New Order and The Holocaust “For your benefit, learn from our tragedy. It is not a written law that the next victims must be Jews” –Simon Wiesenthal

What were concentration camps like? Hitler’s Aggressions Forced labor, brutality, starvation, filth, disease. Forced labor, brutality, starvation, filth, disease.

Resettlement Hitler’s quest for “living space” for the Germans led to the “resettlement” of conquered territory. Heinrich Himmler-SS leader-carried out resettlement plans in Eastern Europe Slavs-Czech, Polish,Croatian,Slovene, and Ukrainian-moved out and replaced with Germans-2.2 mil move into Poland Slavs and others were sent to slave labor camps By 1944-7 mil European worker were laboring in Germany

Final Solution The hatred of Jews became the key element in Hitler’s New Order. Viewed Jews as parasites who were trying to destroy the Aryans. Himmler and the SS shared Hitler’s racial ideas. Himmler and the SS were in charge of the Final Solution.

Final Solution-Holocaust of the Jews The “Final Solution” comes from the Wannsee Conference were Hitler met with Himmler and other top aids to discuss what would be “the Final Solution to the Jewish question.” The answer was genocide. Holocaust- a sacrifice wholly consumed by fire or a great destruction of life, especially by fire. The Jewish term for the Holocaust is Shoah. Genocide-the systematic extermination of a particular racial or ethnic group.

The Final Solution Reinhard Heydrich-head of SS’s Security Service-in charge of administering Final Solution. Created Einsatzgruppen-mobile killing units Einsatzgruppen put Jews into ghettos-mainly in Poland Ghettos - Jewish people were herded into ghettos (walled off parts of the city in which the people could be more easily controlled). Joseph Goebbels called the ghettos "death boxes"

How did the Nazis carry out the Final Solution? Hitler’s Aggressions Mass murder, first by shooting, later by gas in concentration camps Mass murder, first by shooting, later by gas in concentration camps

How was the Final Solution an extension of Nazi philosophy? Hitler’s Aggressions Racist beliefs that Aryan race was superior Racist beliefs that Aryan race was superior

Einsatzgruppen June 1941-Einsatzgruppen were given orders to act as mobile killing units. Followed the army into conquered lands and rounded up Jews and other “undesirables” and executed them-buried them in mass graves usually dug by the victims themselves. Estimated 1million Jews were killed by the Einsatzgruppen Proved to be too slow of a method for the Nazis-in 1942 the death camps opened.

Einsatzgruppen

Concentration and Death Camps There were 25 concentration camps across Europe and 6 death camps in Poland Auschwitz-largest camp-30% of arrivals went to work camps and the rest to the gas chambers. The ghettos in Poland were emptied and the Jews were sent to the death camps.

Dr. Josef Mengele “ANGEL OF DEATH” Arrived in Auschwitz in May of 1943 SS Doctor who had power of life/death performed medical experiments on Jewish children “ANGEL OF DEATH”

MEDICAL EXPERIMENTS Sterilization of men and women endurance of pain to high and low temperatures and pressure experiments on twins to increase number of multiple births to Aryan women injections of phenol to kill patients Dr. Mengele attempted to sew children together to make Siamese twins

MEDICAL EXPERIMENTS EXTRACTED HUMAN ORGANS EXPERIMENTS ON CHILDREN IN AUSCHWITZ

Death Toll 6 million European Jews- 2 out of 3 European Jews Another 9-10 million non-Jewish people Gypsies (Roma) Mentally handicapped Homosexuals Europeans of African decent Slavs, Poles, Ukrainians, Belorussians 3-4 million Soviet soldiers (pow)

Holocaust Many ordinary Europeans saved Jewish lives by hiding Jews in their homes or helping them to flee Nazi controlled areas. Others collaborated or helped the Nazis hunt down Jews. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sHcJtU9dr6I http://www.cnn.com/2015/01/25/world/auschwitz-dancing-mengele/