Unit II Flashcards Chapters 19 and 20

American Federation of Labor (AFL) #1 American Federation of Labor (AFL) Review Union formed in 1886 that organized skilled workers along craft lines and emphasized a few workplace issues rather than a broad social program. MARK FOR REVIEW SHOW NEXT

Chinese Exclusion Act Review #2 Chinese Exclusion Act Review Act that suspended Chinese immigration, limited the civil rights of resident Chinese, and forbade their naturalization. MARK FOR REVIEW SHOW NEXT

Conspicuous consumption #3 Conspicuous consumption Review Highly visible displays of wealth and consumption. MARK FOR REVIEW SHOW NEXT

#4 Coxey’s Army Review A protest march of unemployed workers, led by Populist businessman Jacob Coxey, demanding inflation and a public works program during the depression of the 1890s. MARK FOR REVIEW SHOW NEXT

#5 Free silver Review Philosophy that the government should expand the money supply by purchasing and coining all the silver offered to it. MARK FOR REVIEW SHOW NEXT

Gilded Age #6 Review Term applied to late 19th-century America that refers to the shallow display and worship of wealth characteristic of that period. MARK FOR REVIEW SHOW NEXT

Gospel of wealth Review #7 Gospel of wealth Review Thesis that hard work and perseverance lead to wealth, implying that poverty is a character flaw. MARK FOR REVIEW SHOW NEXT

Grandfather clauses Review #8 Grandfather clauses Review Rules that required potential voters to demonstrate that their grandfathers had been eligible to vote; used in some Southern states after 1890 to limit the black electorate. MARK FOR REVIEW SHOW NEXT

#9 Grange Review The National Grange of the Patrons of Husbandry, a national organization of farm owners formed after the Civil War. MARK FOR REVIEW SHOW NEXT

#10 Granger laws Review State laws enacted in the Midwest in the 1870s that regulated rates charged by railroads, grain elevator operators, and other middlemen. MARK FOR REVIEW SHOW NEXT

Great Uprising of 1877 Review #11 Great Uprising of 1877 Review Unsuccessful railroad strike of 1877 to protest wage cuts and the use of federal troops against strikers; the first nationwide work stoppage in American history. MARK FOR REVIEW SHOW NEXT

Horizontal combination #12 Horizontal combination Review The merger of competitors in the same industry. MARK FOR REVIEW SHOW NEXT

Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC) #13 Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC) Review The 1887 law that expanded federal power over business by prohibiting pooling and discriminatory rates by railroads and establishing the first federal regulatory agency, the Interstate Commerce Commission. MARK FOR REVIEW SHOW NEXT

Segregation laws that became widespread in the South during the 1890s. #14 Jim Crow Laws Review Segregation laws that became widespread in the South during the 1890s. MARK FOR REVIEW SHOW NEXT

Knights of Labor Review #15 Knights of Labor Review Labor union founded in 1869 that included skilled and unskilled workers irrespective of race and gender. MARK FOR REVIEW SHOW NEXT

National American Woman Suffrage Association (NAWSA) #16 Review The organization, formed in 1890 that coordinated the ultimately successful campaign to achieve women’s right to vote. MARK FOR REVIEW SHOW NEXT

Nativism #17 Review Favoring the interests and culture of native-born inhabitants over those of immigrants. MARK FOR REVIEW SHOW NEXT

Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act #18 Review A law of 1883 that reformed the spoils system by prohibiting government workers from making political contributions and creating the Civil Service Commission to oversee their appointment on the basis of merit rather than politics. MARK FOR REVIEW SHOW NEXT

Plessy v. Ferguson Review #19 Plessy v. Ferguson Review Supreme Court decision holding that Louisiana’s railroad segregation law did not violate the Constitution as long as the railroads or the state provided equal accommodations. MARK FOR REVIEW SHOW NEXT

#20 Populism Review A mass movement of the 1890s formed on the basis of the Southern Farmers’ Alliance and other reform organizations. MARK FOR REVIEW SHOW NEXT

Protective Association #21 Protective Association Review Organizations formed by mine owners in response to the formation of labor unions. MARK FOR REVIEW SHOW NEXT

#22 Segregation Review A system of racial control that separated the races, initially by custom but increasingly by law during and after Reconstruction. MARK FOR REVIEW SHOW NEXT

Sherman Silver Purchase Act #23 Review 1890 act that directed the Treasury to increase the amount of currency coined from silver mined in the West and also permitted the U.S. government to print paper currency backed by the silver. MARK FOR REVIEW SHOW NEXT

Southern Farmers’ Alliance #24 Southern Farmers’ Alliance Review The largest of several organizations that formed in the post-Reconstruction South to advance the interests of beleaguered small farmers. MARK FOR REVIEW SHOW NEXT

#25 Tenements Review Four to six story residential dwellings, once common in New York, built on tiny lots without regard to providing ventilation or light. MARK FOR REVIEW SHOW NEXT

Vertical integration Review #26 Vertical integration Review The consolidation of numerous production functions, from the extraction of the raw materials to the distribution and marketing of the finished products, under the direction of one firm. MARK FOR REVIEW SHOW NEXT

Woman’s Christian Temperance Union (WCTU) #27 Review Women’s organization whose members visited schools to educate children about the evils of alcohol, addressed prisoners, and blanketed men’s meetings with literature. MARK FOR REVIEW SHOW NEXT

Women’s Educational and Industrial Union #28 Review Boston organization offering classes to wage-earning women. MARK FOR REVIEW SHOW NEXT

Reference Faragher, J. M. , Buhle, M. J. , Czitrom, D. , & Armitage, S Reference Faragher, J. M., Buhle, M. J., Czitrom, D., & Armitage, S. H. (2009). Out of many: A history of the American people, Vol. I (5th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall. END REVIEW