Table and Graphing skills

Data Recording Data must always be recorded in a table and/or graph. Quantitative data = numbers recorded in a labeled table with units. Most quantitative data can also be graphed. Qualitative data = observations recorded as words in a table, but this may not be graphable.

Why bother? Can you look at a crowd of people and rattle off percentages of males vs. females, blondes vs. brunettes, or age ranges? Tables and graphs allow us to make sense of data and look for patterns.

Table Guidelines Make them big – at least half a page Include a title that fully describes what the data is trying to explain Label columns and rows Include units if numbers are used, such as, hours or grams

Tables Label each column Include units where appropriate 75- 1 mild 2 Hurricane strength and damage Wind speed (mph) Hurricane rating Damage caused 75- 1 mild 2 3

Example Table Pets owned by students in Mrs. Davis’ classes. Pets Cats Dogs Reptiles Period 1 20 10 5 Period 2 12 24 3 Period 3 8 15 6

Practice making a Table We will collect class data on shoe size You will make a table of the data and include a title of your choosing. Be detailed. Use a sentence or a long fragment.

Types of Graphs Pictogram

Types of Graphs Pie Chart

Graphs Line graph When both axis are numbers Shows relationship between the types of data When using more than one line, include a key and use different colors or other markers on the line.

Types of Graphs Scatter Plot

Types of Graphs Line graph

Bar Graphs If one of the variables is words or descriptions such as colors, you will need a bar graph.

Types of Graphs Bar Chart Title?

The number of bird species observed in the Christmas Bird Count at seven locations in Delaware. Data points are the mean number of species for the counts in 2001 through 2006, with 95% confidence intervals.

Types of Graphs Histogram

Graphing Must use graph paper or graphing software (ex.- Excel) Be at least ½ the page in size That means the bar or line must cover half the page not just the lines you draw for the axis Include a title Label both axis and include units

Determining the Axis Independent Variable goes on the x-axis This is the predetermined information such as how often you are testing the sample or the specific temperatures being tested

Determining the Axis The dependent variable goes on the y-axis. This is the result you get from running the experiment. Such as how much growth the plants achieve when exposed to various colored lights.

Graphs Again no skipping numbers and always number evenly by some predetermined increment such as 5s, 10s, 100s, etc. No skipping portions unless the gap is greater than 100. Any gap in numbers on the axis must be marked with the double slash.

Practice with titles What would be the best title to our graph for the table I showed you earlier? Pets Pets vs. students Pets owned by students in Mrs. Davis’ classes

Example Graph Pets owned by students in Mrs. Davis’ classes. Number owned Dog Type of pets

Practice making a graph Now graph the data from your table on shoe size.