Fabrics and Fibres Synthetic Fibres

Synthetic Fibres Today most fabrics are synthetic Fibres formed all or in part by chemicals The first all-synthetic fibres were produced just before WWII They were made from petroleum and other chemicals

Synthetic Fibres Many synethic fibres were made to replace or copy natural fibres For example Nylon was made to look like silk Vinyl is a substitute for leather One advantage of synthetic fibres is that they are easy to care for

Acetate Characteristics: Attractive-silk like Holds shape well Easily draped May wrinkle and fade Usually dry cleaned Taffeta lining?- that’s acetate Used for bridal and prom gowns

Acrylic Characteristics: Lightweight, but warm Wool-like feel Blends with many other fibres for added bulk Resists wrinkles Never use a hot iron Drycleaned or laundered Mainly used in knits- Warm clothes: sweaters, gloves, hats,

Nylon Created as an initial alternative for silk Blends with other fibres for added strength Holds shape well Doesn’t absorb moisture Washable Dries quickly

Polyester Resists wrinkles Extremely strong Blends with other fibres for wrinkle resistance Holds oily stains Washable Dries quickly It retains its shape, so its great for outside clothes in harsh climates Polyester suits were the rage in the 1970’s! They were/are often used to make ropes- due to their durability

Rayon It is the oldest synthetic fibre Absorbs moisture Weak when wet introduced in the late 1800’s as a cheap alternative to silk Absorbs moisture Weak when wet Drapes well May wrinkle or shrink unless treated Usually dry cleaned Sometimes washable/Easy to dry

Spandex Excellent stretch and recovery- 3x its own shape Combines with other fibres for stretch ability Washable, Avoid chlorine/bleach The fabric hugs the body Very strong and durable A very flexible fabric that is often used in athletics athletics wear, dance wear, workout clothes Think of all the Olympic athletes wearing spandex this week!

Today’s Class: Videos Synthetic Fibers : Nylon and Rayon - 1949 Educational Documentary Natural vs Synthetic Textiles