Intensive First Year American Sign Language (ASL 134) class Summer Quarter Instructor: Kristi Winter, MA University of Washington Dept. of Linguistics ASL Program

Agenda: Wednesday: Thursday: Monday, June 27th Today: Tomorrow (Tues): Syllabus & Course schedule Intro to ASL, ASL Facts & History (Deaf Awareness Quiz) Visual Gesture Communication (VGC) Getting to know Signing Naturally Units 1-6 Student Workbook Tomorrow (Tues): Review VGC Signing Naturally (SN) Unit 1.1 -1.4 Wednesday: SN Unit 1.5-1.8 Thursday: SN Unit 1.9-12 Sample Video Assignment due (See the Canvas for information on this assignment) Monday, June 27th Quiz #1 (ASL Facts & History, Unit 1 and Syllabus)

Safety and Emergency Procedures Fire alarm Go to the nearest exit The elevators cannot be used during fire alarms Power outage We should stay in our seats to see if the outage is temporary, if not, we we need to be calm and carefully exit the building Earthquake Drop and cover your heads for protection After the shaking stops, calmly evacuate the building -UW Environmental Health and Safety

Syllabus & Course Schedule See our class website at:

Q & A – Class Policies for Kristi’s ASL 101 class What’s your policy for homework and on late assignments? Can I work with other students? You are expected to complete assignments and come prepared. Your homework will be checked several times during the quarter, and if you have not completed the work, your participation point will be deducted one point for each missed homework assignment. I do not accept late assignments that are more than one day late. If it is one day late, you will get 20% deducted. I encourage you to work with other students in group studies.

Q & A – Class Policies for Kristi’s ASL 101 class What are quizzes and units tests? You will have quizzes and tests based on your receptive skills, and knowledge of language and culture presented in the Signing Naturally workbook and lecture notes. The format of the quizzes and tests will be fill-in-blanks, T/F, Multiple Choice, Matching, and short answers. Can I get extra credit? No Will lectures be signed, voiced, or both? The lectures will be voiced for today only, and during the rest of the quarter, the lectures will be signed.

Q & A – Class Policies for Kristi’s ASL 101 class Will we have class on Monday, July 4th? No What is the final exam like? The comprehensive final exam will be a written exam based on language and culture notes presented in the Signing Naturally workbook, journal activities and lecture notes. The format of the final exam will be fill-in-blanks, T/F, Multiple Choice, Matching, and short answers.

What is ASL? “American Sign Language is a natural language used by members of the North American Deaf community. It is a language that has developed naturally over time among a community of users. ASL exhibits all of the features of language.” Valli, C., Lucas, C., Mulrooney, K. (2005) Linguistics of ASL. Gallaudet University Press. Washington, D.C (p. 13)

The Four ASL Myths Myth #1 - ASL is a signed version of English Myth #2 - ASL is only capable of communicating concrete ideas Myth #3 - ASL is an universal language There are at least 200 sign languages existence in worldwide Myth #5 - Hearing people invented ASL

Terms Residential School for the Deaf Hearing people or “Hearies” Deaf vs. deaf

The Best Ways to Learn ASL Tips for taking an ASL class Don’t miss class Arrive early Watch the signers’ faces, not their hands Don’t talk in class Participate in class activities Don’t worry about making mistakes Always pay attention to your instructor Let your instructor know immediately when you don’t understand Don’t say you understand if you really don’t Use the signs you learn from your instructor www.start-american-sign-language.com

The Best Ways to Learn ASL Interacting with the Deaf Community: Attend Deaf Events Volunteer at a residential school, a school with a mainstream program, or for a Deaf/Blind community Hire a Deaf tutor Attend interpreted shows Mentor with an Interpreter Get involve with the UW ASL Club Sign with Deaf friends Attend Deaf and Deaf/Blind Events Attend deaf/interpreting related workshops Join RID – Registry of Interpreters for the Deaf Attend a Silent Weekend www.start-american-sign-language.com

Top Reasons for Learning ASL You can communicate through windows. You can sign underwater. You can sign with your mouth full. You can use your hands to communicate. Signing reduces noise pollution. You can make friends with people. Learning a new language opens doors. ASL is a 3-D language. ASL is beautiful. ASL brings hearing & Deaf people together.

Top Reasons for Learning ASL At a place where you are expected to be quiet, you can communicate without disturbing anyone. It’s better than spelling things out when you want to communicate with little children around, who you don’t want to hear what you’re saying. It’s awesome for communicating across a crowded room without shouting!

Survival Signs SLOW KNOW DON’T KNOW HOMEWORK READY PRACTICE FINGERSPELL LATER ALL DONE or FINISHED COPY ME QUESTION more?? These are ASL signs that will help you communicate with your instructor and your classmates, during the first few weeks of course. YES/NO DON’T UNDERSTAND AGAIN or REPEAT FORGET GOOD SICK MISSED HELP RESTROOM

Survival Signs If you don’t understand or miss your partner’s signs or sentence, ask him/her to repeat. You are learning to communicate with one another. If you don’t understand what I said, raise your hand, and I will repeat or clarify what I said.

Video: “We are Deaf” http://deafnation.com/nobarriers/we-are-deaf/

Question?

Getting to know Signing Naturally Instructor: Kristi Winter University of Washington ASL 101 class

You’re taking an ASL class!

Things to know….. Eye contact The Sign Space Which hand do I use? Dominant hand vs. non-dominant hand Facial Expressions Question-Maker Facial Expression WH-Face Facial Expression

Things to know….. Precise Sign Production is important SUMMER, UGLY, DRY ASL is Not English Fingerspelling Space for using fingerspelling

All ASL Signs Have 5 Basic Parts (parameters) Handshape Movement Location Palm orientation Non-manual signals (facial expression) e.x., APPLE/ONION, UGLY/SUMMER/DRY RED/CUTE, SHORT/TRAIN, SIT/CHAIR, LATE/NOT YET

The Five Parameters of ASL Signs Handshape I/MY I/D D/F E/O Palm Orientation CHILDREN/THING MAYBE/BALANCE

The Five Parameters of ASL Signs Location SUMMER/UGLY/DRY 4. Movement “I’m happy”/”I’m enjoy” Non-manual signals/facial expressions “I’m late”/”I haven’t”

Tips: Using ASL Dictionary Don’t buy an ASL dictionary yet. Use what you have learned in class and master them first. ASL dictionary doesn’t show sign movement, facial non-manual signs, and 3-D angles, not to mention that most dictionary author are non-native signers. ASL dictionary may be good for help with remembering signs you already learned

Some Hints for Mastering ASL Skills Pay close attention when I give examples of ASL structures for you, and copy me while I sign the structures. Example: If I sign, LIBRARY, WHERE?, you should not be signing “Where’s library?” Use topic-comment structure often (e.g. BOOK, I WANT) Use appropriate facial expressions eyebrows raised for yes/no questions eyebrows lowered for wh-questions Think concept, concept, concept! English and ASL do not have a word-for-word correspondence. Make sure the signs you use say what you mean to say. For example, in English, “I see” means “I understand.” In ASL it means “I am seeing something.”

Questions?

An Introduction to ASL Deaf Awareness Quiz Lance’s Intro to ASL PowerPoint slides

Deaf Awareness Quiz

Deaf Awareness Quiz Instruction: pick the best answer (some will have more than one).

Deaf Awareness Quiz What is American Sign Language (ASL)? (circle two answers) a code similar to Braille a shortened form of English a language incorporating a lot of mime a language capable of expressing any abstract idea a language using picture-like images to express ideas and concepts a language utilizing space and movement to convey meaning

Deaf Awareness Quiz Historically, ASL is related to: British Sign Language Swedish Sign Language French Sign Language German Sign Language

Deaf Awareness Quiz American Sign Language is used by most Deaf people in which of the following countries? (Circle all that apply) Canada United States Mexico Brazil

Deaf Awareness Quiz 4. What percent of Deaf people have Deaf parents? a. 10 percent b. 25 percent c. 50 percent d. 75 percent e. 90 percent

Deaf Awareness Quiz American Sign Language and Deaf culture are transmitted to Deaf people from generation to generation primarily through: family Deaf adults in the community residential Schools for the Deaf sign language teachers

Deaf Awareness Quiz The role of facial expressions, head movements, and eye gaze in American Sign Language is primarily through: grammatical stylistic emotive attention getting

Deaf Awareness Quiz While watching another person sign, it is appropriate to focus on the signer’s: hands chest area face

Deaf Awareness Quiz Among ASL signers, fingerspelling is mainly used in what ways? (circle all that apply) interchangeably with any sign to specify brand names as an artistic form of signing to give names of people and places

Deaf Awareness Quiz ASL makes use of the space in front of a signer’s body to: (circle all that apply) indicate sentence types convey distance contrast two people, places, things, or ideas express time concepts

Deaf Awareness Quiz To get the attention of a Deaf person who is looking the other way, you should: yell as loud as you can tap him/her on the shoulder wave in his/her face go around and stand in front of the person

Deaf Awareness Quiz If your path is blocked by two signers conversing with each other, you should: wait until they stop talking before you pass through bend down very low in order to avoid passing through their signing space go ahead and walk through find another path

Deaf Awareness Quiz Which of the following are considered rude by Deaf people? (circle two answers) touching a person to get attention looking at a signed conversation without indicating you know Sign Language describing a distinctive feature of a person to identify him/her talking without signing in the presence of Deaf people

Deaf Awareness Quiz In general, the least effective communication strategy between Deaf and hearing people is: speech and lipreading using sign language writing back and forth using interpreters

Deaf Awareness Quiz 14. Which of the following are valued in the Deaf Community? (circle all that apply) a. for Deaf people to govern their own affairs b. being kept informed about the community and its members c. restoration of hearing loss d. group cohesiveness e. individualism

Deaf Awareness Quiz Other than the word “deaf,” a culturally appropriate way to identify Deaf people would be to say they are: deaf and dumb deaf mutes hearing impaired all of the above none of the above

Deaf Awareness Quiz Historically, Deaf people have faced discrimination in the following areas: job hiring and promotion obtaining a driver’s license without restrictions getting fair insurance rates getting decent housing obtaining access to public services, information, and entertainment

Deaf Awareness Quiz Some of the issues the National Association of the Deaf has fought for are: (circle all that apply) using sign language in the classroom maintaining a high proportion of Deaf teachers at the elementary and secondary levels the right of Deaf people to adopt children giving double tax exemption to Deaf people

Deaf Awareness Quiz What was the purpose of the protest rally at Gallaudet University in March 1988? to improve interpreting services to give priority to Sign Language research to assure that Deaf people be placed in top level decision-making positions to mainstream more hearing students at the University

Introduction to Visual-Gestural Communication

What is Gesture? “A gesture is a form of non-verbal communication made with a part of the body, used instead of, or in combination with, verbal communication” http://en.wikipedia.org.wiki/Gesture

What is Gesture? Used in face-to-face interaction Etymology – from Medieval Latin – gestura (a mode of action) http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/gesture 60% of all our communication is nonverbal Edward T. Hall, cultural anthropologist http://www.ahsd.org/social_studies/williamsm/The%20Power%20of%20Gestures.pdf

What is Gesture? What is the difference between pantomime and gesture? Gesticulate Give examples of how hearing people use gestures, when they tend to use gestures and why.

Goals for Learning Visual Gestural Communication Develop skills in communicating without words Develop basic skills in transferring from gestures to ASL signs Become more comfortable in using gestures to communicate Eastman, G (1980) Visual Gestural Communication as a Sign Language Base. Gallaudet University, Washington, DC.

Goals for Learning Visual Gestural Communication In studying ASL, it is very important to study the visual gestural communication first before learning ASL. It helps you understand and communicate better with deaf people. Eastman, G (1980) Visual Gestural Communication as a Sign Language Base. Gallaudet University, Washington, DC.

Are Signs Universal? SMELL (Taiwan) YES (India) COME HERE (Asia) Door knob (French) Woman, female (Middle East) Obscene gestures, often different than same. What gestures are possibly universal? Actions / Objects gestures most likely. Apparently, gestures have much less differences compared with signed and spoken languages around the world. What are the advantages of learning gestures?

Non-Verbal Communication

How Will You Gesture These.. Water Food Home Train Airplane Hotel Bathroom To Eat Hungry Drink Dumb Smart Confusing I know I don’t understand I don’t care Nice to meet you

What do these Italian gestures mean? http://edition.cnn.com/2015/05/29/travel/experts-guide-to-italian-hand-gestures/index.html?iid=ob_article_organicsidebar_expansion&iref=obnetwork

“Eye Tag” Activity Instructions: You stand in groups of 4-6 students. The teacher will choose a student to begin the activity in your group. The chosen student is “it” and must wink at anyone in the group. It is called “tagging”. The “tagged” person will then look for another person to wink at (tag). Continue in this manner to improve your communication using your eyes only.

Observations on the activity? Communication patterns? Standing and facing each other: communication is expected. Eye contact before communicating. Repeat clearly and bigger if message is not received. Attention getting gestures if necessary. Facial signals that shows you are listening or receiving the message. Visual nature of language requires the use of your face and body.

VGC Homework #1 List at least ten gesture signs you know. (Different than the ones we discussed in class today) Give each gesture sign English word(s) so that you will remember them. Bring the list to class tomorrow. You will share your list with your group. Then turn the list to me at the end of activity.

Happy Gesturing!

References: Eastman, G. (1989) From Mime to Sign. T.J. Publishers, Inc. Silver Spring, MD. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-verbal_communication http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gesture http://www.ahsd.org/social_studies/williamsm/The%20Power%20of%20Gestures.pdf Eastman, G. (1989) From Mime to Sign. TJ. Publishers, Inc. Silver Spring, MD. http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=&imgrefurl=http%3A%2F%2Fmavilabe.blogspot.com%2F2011%2F05%2Fcommunication.html&h=0&w=0&tbnid=ArSLCjxUbXnZkM&zoom=1&tbnh=190&tbnw=266&docid=MhFA21hOwN_rWM&tbm=isch&ei=cs8oVIK9Asn3igKh8YCgCQ&ved=0CAcQsCUoAQ Pictures from Microsoft Clip Arts Pictures from Google Images

ASL Manual Alphabet

ASL Manual Alphabet

ASL Manual Alphabet

ASL Manual Alphabet

ASL Manual Alphabet

ASL Manual Alphabet

ASL Manual Alphabet

ASL Manual Alphabet

ASL Manual Alphabet

ASL Manual Alphabet

ASL Manual Alphabet

ASL Manual Alphabet

ASL Manual Alphabet

ASL Manual Alphabet

ASL Manual Alphabet

ASL Manual Alphabet

ASL Manual Alphabet

ASL Manual Alphabet

ASL Manual Alphabet

ASL Manual Alphabet

ASL Manual Alphabet

ASL Manual Alphabet

ASL Manual Alphabet

ASL Manual Alphabet

ASL Manual Alphabet

ASL Manual Alphabet

Things to know… Fingerspelling is used for: Names Names of places Titles of book and movies If you don’t know a sign, don’t fingerspell words and sentences. If you are doing this, it’s like saying H…O…W…A…R…E…Y…O…U

ASL Manual Alphabet Practice CAM BEV JON LIZ (QU)AN DAN PEG ROD JIM PUB RAY JEN POE KIP LOU VAL DEB MOE WIL GUY HAL KEN ZOE KIM JUD FAY LES DOT TIM BUD MAE REX DOC GIL YUL You can find ABC handshapes in Signing Naturally Units 1-6, pp. 19-20

Mirror Game Pair off. One partner initiates movement. The other copies.

Learning Everyone’s Name ASL signs: WHO WHERE

(point to your name on the board) A & B: (shake hands) Signer A: Ask for name Signer B: Give name (point to your name on the board) A & B: (shake hands) M 2 1:1, p. 5

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 M 3 1:2, p. 9

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 M 4 1:2, p. 11

A E I O S T N M M 5 1:3, p. 13

Homework: Practice fingerspelling your first and last name until you become comfortable spelling quickly and clearly. Watch the video for examples of fingerspelling. Visual Gestural Communication Homework – due tomorrow List at least ten gesture signs you know. (Different than the ones we discussed in class today) Give each gesture sign English word(s) so that you will remember them. Bring it to class tomorrow. You will share your list with your group. Then turn the list to me at the end of activity. Homework assignment 1.1 due Wednesday (pg. 5) (written)

Sources: Smith, C., Lentz, E. & Mikos, K. (1988)Signing Naturally Student Workbook Level 1. DawnSignPress. San Diego, CA Smith, C., Lentz, E., Mikos, K. (2008) Signing Naturally Units 1-6. Dawn Sign Press. San Diego, CA. Zinza, Jason E. (2006) Master ASL! Sign Media, Inc. Burtonsville, MD. Eastman, G. (1989) From Mime to Sign. T.J. Publishers, Inc. Silver Spring, MD. Pictures from Microsoft Clip Arts