By Hannah Pedder, John Stafford, and Brooke Smith Nematoda By Hannah Pedder, John Stafford, and Brooke Smith

Symmetry Bilateral

Movement Locomotion

Systems

Nervous System Ganglia Ring nerves Nerve cords

Digestive System One-way

Excretory System Present Excretory pore and canal

Circulatory System Diffusion

Respiratory System Diffusion Cutaneous

Skeletal System Absent

Reproductive System Dioecious or hermaphroditic Copulation spicules Amoeboid sperm

Types of Nematodes

Arcaris Common intestinal parasite Poor sanitation, human feces fertilizer Feed on nutrients in human guts Abdominal pain Pulmonary Migrate

HookWorm Intestinal parasite Poor sanitation, human feces fertilizer Penetrate feet skin Block intestines Feeds on nutrients in intestines

Trichinella Found in pigs, bears, horses, and humans. Commonly contracted from raw or undercooked pork Flu like symptoms Most cases untreated; end in heart problems/ death

Filaria Mosquito Bites Blood vessels feed on nutrients in blood Tropical areas Lymph nodes swell (elephantiasis)

Elephantiasis

Location Can live in all environments Common in unsanitary locations, 3rd world countries Soil and aquatic areas

Roundworms Long, narrow, cylinder bodies tapered at each end.

Parasite Organism that lives off another organism Harms the host

Body Cavity Keep important organs protected Pseudocoelom - fluid filled body cavity Bathes internal organs

You are not a Nematoda

Works Cited “Anatomy of Animals.” Anatomy of Animals, https://universe-review.ca/r10-33-anatomy04.htm. By spending less time moving in the soil, a nematode can reduce its chance of "running into" a predator or pathogen. Some plant nematodes spend most of their time in the soil (ectoparasites) and others are mostly contained within the plant tissu. “Introduction to Plant-Parasitic Nematodes.” Introduction to Plant-Parasitic Nematodes, https://www.apsnet.org/edcenter/intropp/pathogengroups/pages/intronematodes.aspx. “Circulatory System.” http://circusystem.weebly.com/nematoda.html. “Devianart.” Devianart, http://img06.deviantart.net/5399/i/2014/210/2/6/lof_of_third_world_countries_have_no_toilets_by_slingeraar-d7st37m.jpg. “The Digestive System.” http://nematode.unl.edu/digestive_system.html. “Every Last Worm: Eliminating Elephantiasis in India.” CNN, Cable News Network, http://www.cnn.com/2015/03/12/health/eliminating-elephantiasis-in-india/index.html.

Works Cited @Freepik_Vectors. “Earthworm Shape.” Freepik, http://www.freepik.com/free-icon/earthworm-shape_717729.htm. “HIPERnatural.com.” HIPERnatural.com, http://www.hipernatural.com/es/enfascaris_lumbricoides.html. https://sharonapbio-taxonomy.wikispaces.com/animalia-nematoda. https://www.cdc.gov/parasites/ascariasis/. “International Pest Control.” International Pest Control, http://international-pest-control.com/bacillus-hookworm-billion-benefit/ipcsepoct13_p235_page1_image2/. “Lymphatic Filariasis.” CDC, https://www.cdc.gov/parasites/lymphaticfilariasis/gen_info/faqs.html. “MONTESSORI BIOLOGY : Phylum Nematoda.” ~ Pinegreenwoods, https://pinegreenwoods.blogspot.com/2015/01/montessori-biology-phylum-nematoda.html.

Works Cited “NCSU.” NCSU, https://www.ncsu.edu/project/bio402_315/nematodes/nematodes/nematode%20muscle%20nerve%20link.jpg. “Nematoda.” CIRCULATORY SYSTEM, http://circusystem.weebly.com/nematoda.html. “Nematoda.” Encyclopedia.com, http://www.encyclopedia.com/topic/nematoda.aspx. “Nematoda- The Roundworm Phylum.” Nematoda- The Roundworm Phylum, http://excreting101.weebly.com/nematoda.html. “Nematode Respiratory System | Study.com.” Study.com, http://study.com/academy/lesson/nematode-respiratory-system.html. “Nematode Respiratory System.” Study.com, http://study.com/academy/lesson/nematode-respiratory-system.html. “Nematode Symmetry and Movement.” Study.com, http://study.com/academy/lesson/nematode-symmetry-movement.html.

Works Cited “Nematodes.” http://www.faculty.pnc.edu/jcamp/parasit/nematode.html. “Oxford University Press.” Oxford University Press, http://global.oup.com/us/companion.websites/9780195326949/student_resources/facts/. “Parasite.org.” Parasite.org, http://parasite.org.au/para-site/text/ascaris-text.html. “Parasites- Ascariasis.” CDC, https://www.cdc.gov/parasites/ascariasis/. “Parasites- Hookworm.” CDC, http://www.cdc.gov/parasites/hookworm/gen_info/faqs.html. “Physrev.” Physrev, http://physrev.physiology.org/content/physrev/84/4/1097/f11.large.jpg. “Pro Alternative.” Pro Alternative, http://www.alternative-pro.com/elephantiasis/.

Works Cited “Red Arrow Transparent.” Red Arrow Transparent, http://www.clipartbest.com/red-arrow-transparent. “Roundworms - Phylum Nematoda.” Roundworms - Phylum Nematoda, http://www.arctic.uoguelph.ca/cpl/organisms/inverts/fresh_inverts/nematoda.htm. “Skeletal System.” Skeletal System, http://skeletalphylum.weebly.com/nematoda.html. “Spicule (Nematode).” Revolvy, http://www.revolvy.com/main/index.php?s=spicule%20(nematode)&item_type=topic. “UCMP.” UCMP, http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/phyla/ecdysozoa/nematodexs.gif. “Wuchereria Bancrofti.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/wuchereria_bancrofti.