EVOLUTION.

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Presentation transcript:

EVOLUTION

Jean-Baptiste Lamark: 1744-1829 most famous for incorrectly theorizing on the process of evolution As a giraffe stretches its neck to reach for food, its neck grows longer; this trait is passed to offspring did not realize that acquired traits are not genetic

Tree of Life

SPECIATION: the development of a new species Sometimes the variation among organisms is too great; eventually they could become separate species SPECIATION: the development of a new species

SPECIES: a population of organisms that can produce fertile offspring able to reproduce

MULE X HORSE – Equus caballus DONKEY – Equus assinus

Allopatric Speciation: two populations are separated by geographic barriers such as rivers, mountains, bodies of water, etc. Ex: Albert Squirrel and Kaibab Squirrel

PANGAEA: a proposed supercontinent that formed over 300 million years ago Began separating 200 million years ago

Allopatric Speciation: two populations are separated by geographic barriers such as rivers, mountains, bodies of water, etc. Ex: Albert Squirrel and Kaibab Squirrel Sympatric Speciation: two populations are reproductively isolated; commonly due to polyploidism

Parapatric Speciation: two populations living in the same geographic area become different species due to different selective pressures BEHAVIORAL Ex: Eastern Meadowlarks & Western Meadowlarks have different mating songs TEMPORAL Ex: flowers blooming at different seasons

DIVERGENT EVOLUTION: evolution of different features from similar lineages

DIVERGENT EVOLUTION: evolution of different features from similar lineages

DIVERGENT EVOLUTION: evolution of different features from similar lineages

DIVERGENT EVOLUTION: evolution of different features from similar lineages Divergent Evolution and Homologous Structures show how certain species may have come from the same ancestor

CONVERGENT EVOLUTION: evolution of similar features from different lineages

CONVERGENT EVOLUTION: evolution of similar features from different lineages

CONVERGENT EVOLUTION: evolution of similar features from different lineages

CONVERGENT EVOLUTION: evolution of similar features from different lineages

CONVERGENT EVOLUTION: evolution of similar features from different lineages Convergent Evolution and Vestigial Structures show how different species adapt to similar environments

CONVERGENT different becomes same DIVERGENT same becomes different