Late Antiquity (ca. 300-600).

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Presentation transcript:

Late Antiquity (ca. 300-600)

Late Antiquity Barbarians! What do you think of? What images come to mind?

Late Antiquity The Germanic Kingdoms Farmers Relations with Rome The Good Served in Roman military Imitated Roman customs Trade and alliances Settled in Roman territory The Bad Military conflicts Sack of Rome (410)

Late Antiquity Sack of Rome (410)

Late Antiquity The Huns Nomadic fighters Based in Eastern Europe  west! Under rule of ATTILA THE HUN (r. 443-454) Goal: western empire in Gaul and Italy (451-52) Hunnic Empire disintegrated 454 Leo I and Attila

Late Antiquity 2001

Late Antiquity “Fall of Rome” Last western emperors (455-476) Ruled fragments of Western Europe Romulus Augustulus (r. 475-76) deposed Romulus Augustulus

Late Antiquity The Germanic Kingdoms The Visigoths The Ostrogoths THE FRANKS Clovis (r. 481-511) Founded Merovingian dynasty THE ANGLES AND SAXONS Raids  settled along southeastern English coast The Vandals The Germanic Kingdoms (ca. 530)

Late Antiquity Questions?

Late Antiquity The Eastern Roman Empire Lived on Based in CONSTANTINOPLE “New Rome” Residence of emperor Greek in culture Constantine and Constantinople

Late Antiquity Justinian and Theodora Who were they? JUSTINIAN: emperor (r. 527-565) Theodora: “Partner in Counsel” Legislation: Code of Justinian Collection of all imperial edicts Updated, simplified, codified

Late Antiquity Justinian and Religion Emperor was directly involved in religion Sought unified “orthodox” Christianity  divine favor! Twilight of Paganism Pagans had to become Christian, or lose property, or be exiled Closed Academy, Athens Ordered construction of HAGIA SOPHIA (537)

Late Antiquity Hagia Sophia

Late Antiquity Reconquest of the West Justinian’s dream: universal Roman Empire again Conquest North Africa (534) Italy (540) Southern Spain (552) Ultimate failure Bankruptcy Roman forces were overextended

Late Antiquity Mosaics Common in antiquity Bits of stone, glass  unified image

Late Antiquity

Late Antiquity

Late Antiquity Questions?

Late Antiquity The Papacy Office of bishop of Rome One of five “patriarchal” bishops “First among equals,” according to Greek bishops Filled “power vacuum” in west

Late Antiquity Pope Gregory the Great(r. 590-604) “Servant of the servants of God” Reign paradigmatic for medieval popes Papal affairs in West Supreme spiritual leader In touch with western monarchs Concerned about affairs in east Temporal authority

Late Antiquity Monasticism Solitary asceticism as way of life away from “world” Began in Egypt Reaction to worldliness of imperial church Kinds of monks: hermits, communal monks

Late Antiquity Benedictine Monasticism Founder: Benedict of Nursia (ca. 480-543) Began as hermit, lived in cave Reluctant abbot Established monasteries Rule Detailed Very successful For women too

Late Antiquity Abbey of Monte Cassino, above Cassino, Italy

Late Antiquity Spread of Roman Christianity in Western Europe Clovis converted (496)  Franks followed Ireland Patrick (391? – 461?) “I am greatly God’s debtor, because he granted me so much grace, that through me many people would be reborn in God…” (Confessio, 38) England Augustine of Canterbury sent (597) Angles and king converted Western Europe predominantly Catholic, under spiritual authority of papacy

Late Antiquity Questions?

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