DO NOW Who lived in the Americas before the arrival of Europeans? Include at least group/culture in your response. What were they like?

101: Mesoamerica and Native Americans Unit 1: Exploration and Settlement 9/14

Agricultural Revolution 9,000-10,000 yrs. ago Mesoamericans learn to plant and raise crops (maize) Led to villages and permanent civilizations

Mesoamerican Civilizations Mayans 3,000 + yrs. ago complex civilization developed writing built cities and temple pyramids 365-day calendar

Mesoamerican Civilizations Aztecs frequent war to conquer floating gardens human sacrifice Incas Andes Mountains highway systems

Technology Spreads Agricultural tech. spreads to the American SW and to the Mississippi

The Southwest Farmed like Mesoamerican ancestors (corn) Pueblo

The Pacific Coast Fished, hunted and gathered Built homes w/ forest lumber Many groups

The Great Plains Before 1500 farmers Then nomads, following buffalo herds Sioux

The Far North Inuit Arctic: Alaska to Greenland Adapted to cold, harsh climate Harpoon dogsled

Land Bridge

The Eastern Woodlands Hunted, fished and farmed Algonquian or Iroquoian They practiced slash-and-burn agriculture Cut down forests, burned cleared land Ashes made fertile land

The Eastern Woodlands Longhouses

The Eastern Woodlands Wigwam

The Iroquois Large kinship groups, or extended families, headed by elders Fought one another Five groups formed The Iroquois League to keep peace

Textbook pp. 5-11 Analyzing Geography, p. 5 Analyzing Geography, p. 9 Answer question 2 only Analyzing Geography, p. 9 Document-Based Questions, p. 11 Answer questions 1-2

Explain how Mesoamerican and Native American civilizations were highly advanced. Provide two reasons to support your response.