Human Body Systems and Disease 7th Grade PASS Review Human Body Systems and Disease

Which of the following models best summarizes the levels of organization within the human body? Cells Tissue Organ Organ system Organ System Organ Tissue Cells A C Cells Organ Tissue Organ system Tissue Organs Organ System Cells A; students should provide evidence from the models to eliminate other answer choices. Discussion about how the size of the circles in option A is a better representation of the levels than the size of circles in option C is recommended. B D

Which of the following summarizes the relationship between tissue and organs? A group of two or more specialized cells that work together to perform the same function. A group of two or more specific organs that work together to perform a specific function. A group of two or more specific types of tissue that work together to perform a specific function. A group of muscle tissue and connective tissue that work together to pump blood through the body. C; students should discuss reasons for eliminating other answer choices and identify what relationship the other options represent. A- represents relationship between cells and tissue, B- represents the relationship between organs and organ systems, D- is a specific example of the relationship between tissue and organs not a summary of the relationship between all tissue and organs.

Which of the following is an example of the relationship between organs and organ systems? The respiratory system collects oxygen that the circulatory system carries throughout the body. The heart is made of muscle and connective tissue that work together to pump blood. Specialized cells work together to create tissue that connects all body parts and provide support for the body. Peripheral nerves gathers and sends messages to the brain, and the brain interrupts and responds to those messages. D; demonstrates how the organs (peripheral nerves and brain) work together to receive, interpret and respond to stimuli. have students use evidence and logical reasoning to eliminate other answer choices. A; example of organ systems working together. B- Example of tissue working together in an organ. C- Example of cells working together to form tissue.

The organ that uses a pumping action to cause blood to flow through the body is part of which organ system? Nervous Digestive Circulatory Respiratory C; have students name the organ (heart) and then the system that it is a part of. They can also discuss what key words aided them in identifying the organ and identify organs that would be part of the other answer choices.

The image below shows part of the respiratory system The image below shows part of the respiratory system. The enlarged area in the circle shows the small sacs inside the lungs where oxygen is exchanged for carbon dioxide. These sacs represent which of the following? Bronchi Alveoli Capillaries Esophagus B- Have students discuss where in the body the other answer choices might be located or what a model of them might look like. Students can also discuss the fact that capillaries are actually observed in the model, but are not what the question stem is asking about.

The bronchi are part of the respiratory system The bronchi are part of the respiratory system. Which of the following accurately describes the function of the bronchi? Tube that moves air from the nose to the lungs. Tube that moves air from trachea to the lungs. Muscle that aids in breathing process. Collects air from the environment. B. Have students use evidence to eliminate other answer choices and identify what organ each answer choice is describing. A-trachea, C- diaphragm, D- nose

Which of the following is an accurate comparison of the small intestine and the large intestine? The small intestine prepares undigested food for elimination and the large intestine stores solid waste. The small intestine absorbs nutrients from food and the large intestine absorbs water from food. The small intestine performs only mechanical digestion and the large intestine preforms only chemical digestion. The small intestine transports chewed food to the stomach and the large intestine uses saliva to break down food chemically. B; students should use evidence (terms from each answer choice) to eliminate other options. They should identify what makes each answer choice incorrect, and discuss what those answer choices are describing. A- the large intestine prepares food for elimination and the rectum/anus stores waste. C- both the small and large intestine perform mechanical and chemical digestion. D- the esophagus transports food to stomach and the mouth uses saliva to break down food.

Nervous Digestive Circulatory Respiratory The chart below shows the some of the major organs for three human body systems. Which of the following is represented by System 3? System 1 Heart Veins Organ K System 2 Stomach Small intestine Organ L System 3 Trachea Alveoli Organ M D; have students support their responses with evidence of the organs included in the illustration. Students can also identify what organ systems are represented in System 1 and 2. Nervous Digestive Circulatory Respiratory

Arteries Trachea Large intestine Muscular Capillaries Esophagus The chart below shows the some of the major organs for three human body systems. Which of the following would best replace Organ K? Choose 2 correct answers. System 1 Heart Veins Organ K System 2 Stomach Small intestine Organ L System 3 Alveoli Bronchi Organ M A and E are correct answers. Have students discuss what eliminate other answer choices with logic and reasoning. B- part of the respiratory system. C- part of digestive system. D- this is a type of tissue not an organ. F- part of the digestive system Arteries Trachea Large intestine Muscular Capillaries Esophagus

Circulate blood throughout the body The chart below shows some of the major organs for three human body systems. Which of the following best describes the function of System 1? System 1 Heart Veins Organ K System 2 Stomach Small intestine Organ L System 3 Alveoli Bronchi Organ M A; have students identify what organ system is described by the other answer choices. B-digestive C- nervous D- respiratory Circulate blood throughout the body Break down food and absorb nutrients Receive, interpret, and respond to stimuli Take in oxygen and release carbon dioxide

Match each organ below with its correct function. Organs Function Bones Spinal cord Tendons Skin Bladder Muscular sack that stores urine Connect muscles to bone Bundle of nerves that starts at the brain and runs down the back Prevents loss of water and protects body from infection and injury Provides shape of body and protects internal organs Have students identify what organ system each organ belongs to A-5 Skeletal B-3 Nervous C-2 Muscular D-4 Integumentary E-5 Excretory/Urinary

The model below illustrates how which two body systems working together? Nervous and integumentary Circulatory and respiratory Digestive and circulatory Skeletal and muscular B; have students discuss what is happening in the model. Respiratory system is bringing in oxygen to the alveoli and blood vessels in the circulatory system are picking up oxygen and giving carbon dioxide to alveoli to send out of the body.

Which statement below describes the relationship between the muscular system and the skeletal system? The muscles contract and relax to move the bones. The brain sends messages to the bones to make them move. The tendons contract and relax to send messages to the brain. The muscles contract and relax to pump blood through the body. A; Have students eliminate other answer choices by identifying what systems are working together, or why the answer choice is incorrect. B- not valid answer, brain sends messages to muscles that contract and relax to move bones. C- tendons do not contract and relax. D- muscular system working with the circulatory system.

Which of the following statements describes the relationship between the nervous system and the integumentary system? The arteries carry oxygen from the lungs to the rest of the body. The pancreas produces digestive juices to help the small intestine break down food. The nerves receive and respond to stimuli received from the skin touching objects. The bladder stores and removes waste products received from the large intestine. C- have students eliminate other answer choices by identifying what systems are working together or why the answer choice is not valid. A- circulatory working with the respiratory. B- The pancreas and the small intestine are part of the digestive system; this is an example of organs within a system working together. D- excretory system working with the digestive system.

The trachea The ureters The diaphragm The spinal cord The respiratory system contains a muscle that contracts to pull air into the lungs, and relaxes to push air out of the lungs. This organ is called The trachea The ureters The diaphragm The spinal cord C- Have students identify key terms in the question stem (respiratory, muscle). They should also eliminate other answer choices by identifying which organ system they belong to or describe why the answer choice is incorrect. A- the trachea is part of the respiratory system, but it is not a muscle. It is a pipe that air moves through. B- the ureters are part of the excretory system. D- the spinal cord is part of the nervous system.

The lungs are made of soft, fragile tissue The lungs are made of soft, fragile tissue. If a lung is punctured, air inside the lungs is released much like a balloon that has a hole in it. Punctured lungs cause shortness of breathe and low oxygen levels for the entire body. Which of the following systems works with the respiratory system to keep the lungs safe from injury? B- have students discuss how the skeletal system works to protect the lungs, students should include reference to the rib cage. Students can also discuss how the other body systems listed as answer choices could work with the respiratory system. The nervous system The skeletal system The muscular system The circulatory system

All body systems are dependent on the circulatory system All body systems are dependent on the circulatory system. Which of the following statements explains why the circulatory system is important to all other systems? The circulatory system transports needed materials such as oxygen and nutrients to and from all other body systems. The circulatory system breaks down food to provide nutrients for all other body systems. The circulatory system takes in oxygen that all body systems need and removes carbon dioxide that is not needed. The circulatory system receives and interprets internal and external signals and ensures that all body systems respond. A- have students eliminate other answer choices by using evidence in the answer to identify what organ system is being described. B- The digestive system breaks down food. C- The respiratory system takes in oxygen. D- the nervous system receives and interprets signals

Which of the following explains an effect of the common cold? Sore throat, runny nose, and/or fever. Fever, pain, redness, and swelling of the throat. Severe shaking and disabilities involving motion. Higher level of blood sugar that can lead to vision problems. A- have students eliminate other answer choices by using evidence in the answer to identify what disease is being described. B- strep throat (swelling and redness of throat). C- Parkinson’s Disease (shaking and disabilities with motion). D- diabetes (blood sugar and vision problems)

Which of the following describes a difference between AIDS and HIV? AIDS is caused by a virus and HIV is caused by a genetic disorder. AIDS is an infectious disease and HIV is a noninfectious disease. AIDS can be cured with an antibiotic and HIV cannot. AIDS is a more advanced form of HIV. D- HIV is the virus that leads to AIDS. HIV attacks the immune system, once the immune system has been compromised patients are said to have AIDS. Students can eliminate other answer choices using evidence and logical reasoning. A- HIV is the virus that causes AIDS (they are both a virus). B- HIV is infectious and can be spread to other people. Patients who get the HIV virus can get AIDS if their immune system is weakened by the HIV. C- medicine is making advances in the area of cures and vaccinations for HIV and AIDS, but currently no cure has been medically approved at the national or international level. Treatments allow patients with AIDS and HIV to maintain normal life

Tony has a disease that causes periodic wheezing and difficulty breathing. This condition occurs most often during P.E. when his is participating in active games that require him to run a lot. It also seems to be worse during the winter months. Tony is most likely suffering from which of the following diseases? The Flu Asthma Diabetes A common cold B- Students should identify key terms in the question stem that guide them in identifying the correct answer (periodic wheezing, difficulty breathing, exercising in PE, and cold temperatures). Have students eliminate other answer choices by describing symptoms associated with each disease. A- fever, muscle aches, severe cough. C- high or low blood sugar levels. D- runny nose, coughing, sore throat. Students should also be able to identify which organ system is impacted by each disease. A- respiratory, B- respiratory, C- circulatory, D- respiratory

Add the following diseases to the model below. Flu Cold Asthma AIDS/HIV Diabetes Skin Cancer Strep throat Athlete’s foot Parkinson’s disease Infectious disease Noninfectious disease Infectious: flu, cold, AIDS/HIV, Strep throat, Athlete’s foot Noninfectious: Asthma, Diabetes, Skin cancer, Parkinson’s disease Additional discussion could include having students identify which organ system is impacted by each disease.

Noninfectious disease The model to the left illustrates examples of infectious and noninfectious diseases. Which statement below describes a differences between these two types of diseases? Infectious disease Flu Cold AIDS/HIV Strep throat Athlete’s foot Noninfectious disease Asthma Diabetes Skin Cancer Parkinson’s disease Infectious diseases can be treated, noninfectious cannot be treated. Infectious diseases can be spread, noninfectious cannot be spread. Infectious disease are caused by bacteria, noninfectious are caused by a virus. Infectious diseases attack individual cells, noninfectious attack entire body system. B- Have students eliminate other answer choices using logical reasoning and evidence. A- symptoms of both infectious and noninfectious diseases can be treated, but not all can be cured. C- Noninfectious diseases are not caused by virus, infectious can be caused by bacteria, virus, fungus, or protists. D- both infectious and noninfectious can attack individual cells and/or entire body systems. It depends on the specific disease. Students can give some examples to support this idea (e.g., infectious pathogens attack an individual cell that can lead to complications of an entire systems. Skin cancer may start in one individual cell, but will multiply and spread through entire organs and/or systems and can even spread to other systems.

UV rays from the Sun or tanning beds can cause which of the following diseases? Parkinson’s disease Athlete’s foot Strep throat Skin cancer D. Have students eliminate other answer choices by identifying their causes and symptoms. A- cause unknown, impacts nervous system. B- caused by fungus. C- caused by a bacteria

HIV and AIDS is an infectious disease that can harm multiple organ systems. Which of the following describes why HIV/AIDS has this effect? HIV/AIDS is highly contagious and spreads to multiple organ systems. HIV/AIDS damages the immune system which allows pathogens to attack any organ system. HIV/AIDS damages the nervous system which prevents organ systems from responding to harmful situations. HIV/AIDS damages the circulatory system which is unable to provide nutrients and oxygen to other body systems. B- Have students use logical reasoning to eliminate other answer choices.