Chapters 11 and 12 Exam Review

___________________ is a field of forensic science that deals with physical properties of blood and the patterns produced. Question 1

Blood Stain analysis

In 1982, a killing spree began in the Seattle area In 1982, a killing spree began in the Seattle area. This killer was found guilty 20 years later due to DNA evidence. Gary Ridgeway became known as the ______________________. Question 2

Green River Killer

To identify individuals, forensic scientists can scan _______ DNA regions that vary from person to person and use the data to create a unique DNA profile. There is an extremely small chance that another person has the same DNA profile for a particular set of regions. Question 3

13

What is the name of the sugar in DNA? Question 4

Deoxyribose

What is the proper complementary protein chain for ACCAATGGAC? Question 5

TGGTTACCTG

A match with DNA profiling is based on a _________________. Question 6

Probability

___________________ are those whose blood type antigens are also found in other body fluids. Question 7

Secretors

A blood drop that has a tail shows _____________ and _______________. Question 8

Movement and Direction

The clumping of red blood cells is known as ______________________. Question 9

Agglutination

What is the examination and analysis of body fluids? Question 10

Serology

Which is a condition affecting the shape of a blood droplet? Question 11

Size of a drop Angle of impact Velocity Texture of target surface

Who discovered that there are four different types of human blood based on the presence or absence of specific antigens found on the surface of the red blood cells? Question 12

Karl Landsteiner

In 1953, _________________ and Francis Crick discovered the configuration of the DNA molecule. Question 13

James Watson

The acute angle formed between the direction of a blood drop and the plane of the surface it strikes is the ______________________. Question 14

Angle of impact

A substance in blood that reacts with an antigen is known as a ______________________. Question 15

Antibody

When blood drops fall, they take on a ___________________ shape. Question 16

Spherical

The luminal test showed a possible presence of blood due to the ________________________. Question 17

Chemiluminescense

___________________________ is a presumptive test that turns a deep pink color if blood is present. Question 18

Kastle-Meyer

The presumptive test that distinguishes between human and animal blood. Question 19

Precipitin

Which ABO blood type is commonly referred to as the universal donor? Question 20

O

What is a technique used to separate DNA fragments into visible bands? Question 21

Gel Electrophoresis

Who is credited with developing DNA profiling using RFLP? Question 22

Sir Alec Jefferys

Which of the following has no nuclei and therefore no nuclear DNA? Question 23

Red Blood Cells

Based on profiling, who was the first person convicted using a DNA profiling? Question 24

Colin Pitchfork

What are the enzymes that are used to cut DNA into smaller fragments? Question 25

Restriction Enzymes

High velocity blood spatter can be attributed to what type of crime? Question 26

Shooting

What occurs when a person receives the wrong type of blood during a blood transfusion? Question 27

Blood clots and death can occur

The national database that contains nearly 16 million entries as of December 2016 that is used to identify unknown suspects is known as the __________________. Question 28

Combined DNA Index system CODIS

_______________________ is blood that is directed back toward the source of the energy. Question 29

Backspatter Pattern

What are locations (loci) on the chromosome that repeat a specific sequence of two to ten base pairs? Question 30

Short Tandem Repeats

_______________________ is blood that is directed back toward the source of the energy. Question 31

Back spatter pattern

What are locations (loci) on the chromosome that repeat a specific sequence of two to ten base pairs? Question 32

Short tandem repeats (STR)

__________________ is a lab technique used to make multiple copies of DNA for further testing or characterization. Question 33

PCR

What is the type of bloodstain that is created by the force of gravity and appears as drops or blood pools? Question 34

Passive

Which blood type does not contain A or B agglutinogens? Question 35

O

What is the type of bloodstain that is created by an object in motion? Question 36

Cast off

In the process of electrophoresis, the ______________________ fragments are closest to the injection wells? Question 37

Larger fragment

What kind of weapon would most likely cause misting? Question 38

Gun

Which of the following does not have nuclear DNA? Question 39

RED

What is an example of DNA typing? Question 40

Match Exclusion Inconclusive

Mitochondrial DNA is ____________________. Question 41

Inherited from the mother

What is a use of DNA profiling? Question 42

Exonerate individuals Match organ doners Proff of paternity

What relates to the direction a drop of blood travels from its point of origin? Question 44

Directionality

Analysis of mDNA is not used as often as nuclear DNA analysis because _________________. Question 44

More costly More rigorous More time consuming