May 31, 2016 Learning Target: I will know the characteristics of 3 types of volcanoes. Entry Task: Be ready for new seats Earthquake test data & review Agenda: 3 Volcano Types Volcano Types – Notes

Earthquakes Quiz Data: Class Quiz Average 1st – 23.96/32 = 74.88% 3rd – 23.60/32 = 73.75% 4th – 25.30/32 = 79.06% 6th – 23.67/32 = 73.97% Class Overall Averages 1st – 79.67% 3rd – 77.90% 4th – 84.59% 6th - 79.74%

Earthquakes Quiz Data: A = 29-32 B = 26-28 C = 23-25 D = 20-22 E = ≥ 19

Earthquakes Quiz Data: Grades: Total Test Average Total Overall Average (78 Students Tested) (104 Science Students) 75.42% 80.48%

Earthquakes Quiz Data: 1st Period Grade Distribution: 100% - 1 A – 1 B – 5 C – 9 D – 4 E – 3

Earthquakes Quiz Data: 3rd Period Grade Distribution: 100% - 0 A – 1 B – 5 C – 3 D – 4 E – 2

Earthquakes Quiz Data: 4th Period Grade Distribution: 100% - 0 A – 4 B – 7 C – 4 D – 4 E – 1

Earthquakes Quiz Data: 6th Period Grade Distribution: 100% - 0 A – 2 B – 5 C – 5 D – 7 E – 2

Overall Grade Distribution

Types of Volcanoes

Volcanoes: Introduction Volcanism: When magma reaches surface Eruptions of lava flows or pyroclastic materials

Volcanoes: General Description Cone-shaped mountain around a vent Where lava, pyroclastics, gases erupt

Volcano: Vocab Magma: Molten rock below Earth’s surface Lava: Molten rock on Earth’s surface Tehpra: Material ejected from a volcano Ash: particles less than 2mm Bombs: Extremely hot, partially melted large rocks – can explode on impact w/ground

Volcano Types: Shield Volcano Large, gently sloped volcanoes (5-10°) Mostly lava flows; very little pyroclastics Low viscosity lavas Largest volcanoes on Earth Ex: Mt. Kilauea

Composite Volcanoes (Stratovolcanoes) Volcano Types: Composite Volcanoes (Stratovolcanoes) Smaller & steeper than shields; larger and gentler than cinder cones Volcanic eruptions are usually explosive. Alternating layers of ash and lava create a composite volcano Composite volcanoes mostly occur at convergent boundaries (subduction zones) Ex: Mt. Rainier (all Cascade volcanos)

Volcano Types: Composite Volcano - Eruption

Volcano Types: Composite Volcano - Lahars Volcanic mudflows Muddy slurry; rain fall or snowmelt mixes with tephra

Volcano Types: Composite Volcano - Lahars

Volcano Types: Composite Volcano - Lahars Mt. Rainier Lahar Hazard Map

Volcano Types: Composite Volcano – Pyroclastic Flow Hot ash, embers, and poisonous gas Up to1000 degrees Celsius (1830 Ferinheit) Moves very fast up to 450 mph

Volcano Types: Composite Volcano – Pyroclastic Flow Has the ability to knock down trees and small buildings Buries, burns, and destroys everything in its path on impact. In 1902, Mount Pelee’s pyro-flow killed 30,000 people

Eruption could be felt and seen hundreds of miles away Volcano Types: Composite Volcano – St. Helens Photo taken early 1980 Eruption could be felt and seen hundreds of miles away Present day

Volcano Types: Composite Volcano – St. Helens This photo was taken 2 years after the eruption, this once great forest was still trying to recover Car buried in mud 17 miles away from Mt. St. Helens Escaping the ash on a beautiful afternoon in May Hot ash covered everything and traveled hundreds of miles

Volcano Types: Composite Volcano – St. Helens

Volcano Types: Composite Volcano - Cascades

Volcano Types: Cinder Cone Volcano Smallest. Has steep sides (30 degree slope) and is loosely packed Explosive eruptions throw lava and bits of rock high into the air Bits of rock or solidified lava dropped from the air are called cinders which range in size from ash to large rocks

Volcano Types: Cinder Cone Volcano - Sunset Crater

Cinder Cone Volcano - Paricutin Volcano Types: Cinder Cone Volcano - Paricutin On February 20, 1943, Paricutin, a cinder cone volcano, formed from the crevasse in a cornfield and grew to be several hundred meters tall in just a few days. This volcano continued to erupt for 9 years and grew to be over 1300 feet tall. This gave modern scientists the opportunity to witness the birth of a volcano