The Status of the ILC Project in Japan January 2016 Yasuhiro Okada and Satoru Yamashita

ILC Advisory Panel in MEXT Purpose of this document Sharing information on developments and current status of the ILC project in Japan. ILC Advisory Panel in MEXT Recent “Summary of the Panel’s Discussions to Date” Providing basic information to discuss how to facilitate discussions between governments and funding agencies.

Timeline of ILC Where We Stand Now Inter-governmental talks Project Start Design & Manufacturing 2004年 Decisions on Technology ＯＥＣＤ Ministerial Statement Site-related survey by scientists and engineers Discussions with Funding Agencies 2007 Baseline Design Begin Cooperation of Government – industry-academia 1st Cost Estimate 2008 International R&D Site studies by local groups XFEL Experience Global design Cost/Design Optimization CERN・LHC Higgs Discovery Geological studies 2012 Technical Design Report Report by Science Council of Japan ２０１３ Domestic Site Evaluation ２０１４ Government budget for project evaluation Project reviews by MEXT (Advisory Panel) start ２０１5 Site specific design International collaboration Setting regulations Engineering design Preparing for construction Site-specific design Activities in local area Environmental assessment Today Government reviews Inter-governmental talks ２０１6 Green light International agreement establish international lab International Laboratory construction（〜９yrs） operation （〜２0 yrs）

Recent Developments on Promotion of the ILC Project in Japan October 2012: Japanese HEP community proposed to host the ILC in Japan as a global project. Statements on ILC hosted in Japan The European Strategy for Particle Physics Update 2013 ACFA/AsiaHEP Statement on the ILC (September 2013) P5 report (May 2014) ICFA statements (January and July 2014) September 2013: Science Council of Japan (SCJ) sent Report on the ILC Project to MEXT. May 2014: MEXT set up ILC Advisory Panel with two WGs (Physics, TDR Validation) After the 4th meeting in June 2015, ILC Advisory Panel disclosed “Summary of ILC Advisory Panel’s Discussions to Date” in August 2015. MEXT will start inter-governmental talks in order to have a clear vision of participation and cost sharing by international partners

SCJ (Science Council of Japan) issued the “Remarks on the International Linear Collider Project” (Sep.2013) “the government of Japan should (1) secure the budget required for the investigation of various issues to determine the possibility of hosting the ILC, and (2) conduct intensive studies and discussions among stakeholders, including authorities from outside high-energy physics as well as the government bodies involved for the next two to three years.” “ it is necessary to have discussions with the research institutes and the responsible funding authorities of key countries and regions involved outside of Japan and to obtain clear understanding of the expected sharing of the financial burden.”

ILC Advisory Panel in MEXT Under ILC TF headed by State Minister of MEXT Research contract ILC Advisory Panel 1st survey of technological spin-offs and Research trends (FY2014) Established in May 2014 2nd survey of technology issues (FY2015) Particle and Nuclear Physics Working Group TDR Validation Working Group Human Resources Working Group Established in June 2014 Established in June 2014 Established in Nov. 2015 Based on SCJ’s recommendations, Special Committee investigates critical issues required to judge hosting ILC. While the opinions in the Advisory Panel Summary may seem similar to those of the Science Council of Japan, the level of recognition has risen to the government level. ILC Advisory Panel’s Summary (Aug 2015) International collaboration “As the ILC project requires huge investment, it is indispensable and essential prerequisite for the implementation to have a clear vision of participation and cost sharing by international partners including European countries and the United States while taking into account mid-term and long-term domestic economic and financial situations.”

High level Japan-US Secretary discussions (April, 2015) Recent activities: 　Political and governmental sectors, industrial sectors High level Japan-US Secretary discussions (April, 2015) Japan-EU Parliamentary Assembly for ILC (July,2015) Federation of Diet Members for ILC (since 2008, more than 150 members) The third visit to US in April 2015 to discuss promotion of the ILC project Advanced Accelerator Association Promoting Science & Technology (AAA) (since 2008, 100 companies and 40 universities and research institutions) 3rd US visit by Diet members Round table discussion of S&T at Hudson Institute, Washington DC in April 2015 during 3rd US visit => Japan-US collaboration of S&T at the political level to be coordinated by the Hudson Institute and AAA ILC Tokyo Event on April 22, 2015 during ALCWS 2015

Ongoing activities Prepare for Japan-US and Japan-US-Europe collaboration at political and inter -governmental level Meeting In Washington DC on February, 2016 coordinated by Hudson Institute and AAA (Diet members, government officials, researchers) ILC Advisory Panel meeting concerning human resources MEXT commissioned survey, carried out by Nomura Research Institute ICFA Chair’s letter sent to Chair of ILC Advisory Panel with a document to address issues raised in the ILC Advisory Panel’s “Summary” (“Science Significance and Potential for Discovering New Particles” and “Comments on Technical Issues and Risk Mitigation”) KEK-ILC Action Plan released http://www.kek.jp/en/NewsRoom/Release/20160106140000/

Summary of the Status of the ILC MEXT-level investigation in Japan for ILC is being carried out, following the recommendation of the Science Council of Japan ILC Advisory Panel’s Summary implies that discussions with foreign countries at the government level is indispensable and that LHC results (〜 2017) should be monitored closely and taken into account Federation of Diet members for ILC, industries (AAA), and local governments strongly support ILC Understanding by higher level of Japanese government is in progress Japan-US inter-governmental discussion is in progress. Collaboration framework in science and technology, including ILC, is being established Governmental discussions will be expanded to Europe and Asia Voices from physicists’ side are essential for pushing government decisions

Details

SCJ (Science Council of Japan) issued the “Remarks on the International Linear Collider Project” (Sep.2013) http://www.scj.go.jp/ja/info/kohyo/pdf/Report%20on%20ILC_Exective%20Summary.pdf “the desire for more compelling and articulate argument to justify the ILC project in order to search for unknown particles and the physics beyond the Standard Model, running concurrently with the upgraded LHC” “In view of the required large financial and human resources, it is clear that the ILC project cannot be implemented by a single country or region; the implementation requires a continuous commitment from the participating countries and regions.” “the government of Japan should (1) secure the budget required for the investigation of various issues to determine the possibility of hosting the ILC, and (2) conduct intensive studies and discussions among stakeholders, including authorities from outside high- energy physics as well as the government bodies involved for the next two to three years.” “ it is necessary to have discussions with the research institutes and the responsible funding authorities of key countries and regions involved outside of Japan and to obtain clear understanding of the expected sharing of the financial burden.” Conclusion from the academic side

Response of MEXT to the SCJ Recommendations 1 Response of MEXT to the SCJ Recommendations 1. Allocation of government budget for ILC project evaluation 2. Start of project reviews by Advisory Panel under MEXT Feb 2014 MEXT set up an internal task force, headed by vice minister May 2014 Under the task force, the “ILC Advisory Panel”, consisting of science experts from a neutral view point, was formed Conclusion by Mar.2016 ? (might be later) Organization under MEXT Feb 6, 2014 Task Force Headed by vice minister ILC Advisory Panel May 8, 2014 Particle・Nuclear Physics WG (particle and nuclear physics accelerator, science communication, space physics) Advisory Panel set up 2 working groups Elementary particle physics and nuclear physics working group TDR-Validation working group TDR Validation WG (accelerator, particle and nuclear physics) MEXT also requested for a commissioned survey (done by Nomura Research Institute) “Survey of spin-off effects of the ILC project from technical and economic aspects and research trends in elementary particle physics and nuclear physics including the necessary technologies world-wide reported in the Apr.2015 meeting of Advisory Panel

Activities of the Advisory Panel and WGs Each of the two WGs had 6-8 meetings by early 2015 and wrote a report to the ILC Advisory Panel The Advisory Panel had 6 meetings in its 3rd meeting in April 2015, it discussed the WG reports and the survey report and summarized the interim results in the “Summary of the ILC Advisory Panel’s Discussions to Date” June 25 discussion about the draft of the “Summary”  modifications August 5 “Summary” was released on MEXT homepage English version : http://www.mext.go.jp/component/b_menu/shingi/toushin/__icsFiles/afieldfile/2015/08/05/1360596_3.pdf

ILC Advisory Panel’s Summary : its significance While the opinions in the Advisory Panel Summary may seem similar to those of the Science Council of Japan, there is one essential difference : the level of recognition has risen to the government level the ILC Advisory Panel is directly under MEXT In the immediate next step, MEXT will start to take actions according to the Summary Prime Minister Other ministries ILC Advisory Panel Science Council of Japan Academic Sectors not within the government government MEXT

Future prospects of the investigation (pg 7 of the “Summary”) ILC Advisory Panel’s Summary : the points we would like you to focus on International collaboration (pg 4 and Recommendation 1 of the “Summary”) “It is necessary to conduct the ILC project with support not only by a single country but also by international collaboration.　It is important to confirm the willingness of each participating country to cover a reasonable part of the project cost.” “It is necessary to proceed with the ILC project based on worldwide attitudes to the ILC project.” “The ILC project will lose international momentum if decisions on the ILC project implementation are not made in a timely manner.” “As the ILC project requires huge investment, it is indispensable and essential prerequisite for the implementation to have a clear vision of participation and cost sharing by international partners including European countries and the United States while taking into account mid-term and long-term domestic economic and financial situations.” Future prospects of the investigation (pg 7 of the “Summary”) “We will set up another working group to investigate the issue of necessary human resources and their cultivation.” “We will commission another survey using an external research agency in order to understand the world trends in technology issues related to accelerator construction, and in approaches to reduce the production cost of accelerators.”

Scientific Merit of the ILC project (pg 2-3 of the “Summary”) “The ILC is considered to be important because of its capability to investigate new physics beyond the Standard Model by exploring new particles and precisely measuring the Higgs boson and top quark. It should be also noted that the ILC might be able to discover a new particles which are difficult to be detected in LHC experiments.” “ILC experiments are able to search for new particles, different from the ones that LHC experiments have been searching for. In case these new particles are supersymmetric particles, ILC and LHC experiments can study them complementally. On the other hand ILC experiments can carry out more precise measurement of the Higgs boson and the top quark, which are beyond the reach of LHC experiments.” “There are two possible predictions of ILC achievements depending on the results obtained in the LHC experiments. If LHC experiments find any new particle(s) whose mass is below a certain energy, it will be possible for ILC experiments to study the new particle(s), in addition to precision measurements of the Higgs boson and the top quark.” “Second, if no new particle is found in the 13TeV operation of LHC or the mass of the discovered particle is above a certain energy, then the main subject to be studied in ILC experiments will be the indirect exploration of new physics through precision measurements of the Higgs boson. Even though LHC experiments on the Higgs boson and top quark measurements have come first, ILC experiments will have superior capabilities for studying the properties of the Higgs boson and the top quark with precision, providing attractive opportunities for the ILC project.” “Thus the specifications of the performance and the scientific achievements of the ILC are considered to be designed based on the results of LHC experiments.”

ILC Advisory Panel’s Summary : the recommendations Recommendation 1: “The ILC project requires huge investment that is so huge that a single country cannot cover, thus it is indispensable to share the cost internationally. From the viewpoint that the huge investments in new science projects must be weighed based upon the scientific merit of the project, a clear vision on the discovery potential of new particles as well as that of precision measurements of the Higgs boson and the top quark has to be shown so as to bring about novel development that goes beyond the Standard Model of the particle physics.” Recommendation 2: “Since the specifications of the performance and the scientific achievements of the ILC are considered to be designed based on the results of LHC experiments, which are planned to be executed through the end of 2017, it is necessary to closely monitor, analyze and examine the development of LHC experiments. Furthermore, it is necessary to clarify how to solve technical issues and how to mitigate cost risk associated with the project.” Recommendation 3: “While presenting the total project plan, including not only the plan for the accelerator and related facilities but also the plan for other infrastructure as well as efforts pointed out in Recommendations 1 & 2, it is important to have general understanding on the project by the public and science communities.”

International Discussions (governmental and political level) in 2014~July 2015 High level preparation meeting between Japanese and EU governments (Febuary) Visit by the French Pro-Japanese Parliamentarian’s Union (June) Inter-governmental discussions: Japan, EU, U.S. At Geneva (July)　 Participants: Japan: Mr. Tsuchiya (MEXT Deputy Minister), and others Europe: Mr. Smitz, Director-General for Research and Innovation of the European Commission CERN Director General US: Director of high energy physics (HEP-US) Government officials from Germany, Britain, France, Italy, and Spain　 ILC Diet members visit U.S. (late July) Hon. Takeo Kawamura Chair of Federation Hon. Ryu Shionoya Secretary General of Federation Hon. Hirofumi Nakasone President of Japan-US Parliamentary Friendship League

2015 Meetings of Federation of Diet members (monthly) ILC Tokyo Event (April 22) (@ Univ. of Tokyo, Hotel New Otani) + Meeting of the Federation of Diet members: significant foreign participation （discussions with ambassadors, ministers, councilors) High level Japan-US Secretary discussions (April) 3rd Visit to Washington D.C. by Federation of Diet members for ILC (late April) (Hon. Kawamura, Hon. Shionoya, Hon. Suzuki) Meetings with high officials for science, technology, and Japan-US relationship Japan-EU Parliamentary Assembly for ILC (late July) Prepare for Japan-US and Japan-US-Europe collaboration at political and inter -governmental level ILC Advisory Panel meeting concerning human resources MEXT commissioned survey, being carried out by Nomura Research Institute Discussions on ILC design and physics Round table discussion of S&T at Hudson Institute, Washington DC in April 2015 during 3rd US visit => Japan-US collaboration of S&T at the political level to be coordinated by the Hudson Institute and AAA

ILC Tokyo Event Hon. R. Shonoya Mr. H. Masuda Univ. of Tokyo (April 22, 2015) during ALCW 2015 Hon. R. Shonoya Mr. H. Masuda

http://aaa-sentan.org/tokyo_event2015/en/201504281500.html

Federation of Diet Members for ILC Since 2006 in LDP, since 2008 non-partisan Currently about 150 members Frequent meetings (almost every month)

AAA (Advanced Accelerator Association) Established 2008. Collab between industries and academies 100 companies, 40 universities and institutions, http://aaa-sentan.org Frequent meetings and symposiums Held Tokyo Event (with LCC) in Apr.2015 At Univ. of Tokyo and Hotel New Otani Diet members, ambassadors/diplomats from many countries, leading scientists

Japan-US Discussions at the Political Level April 30 2013 at Washington DC: Symposium on Advanced Science and Technology centered on the ILC MEXT Minister, Secretary of Energy US, Federation of Diet members of Japan for ILC January 2014, MEXT Minister met with Dr.Monitz (Secretary of Energy) at Washington DC July 2014, Federation of Diet members visited Washington Apr.2015, Federation of Diet members visited Washington 1st US Visit by federation of Diet Members of Japan for ILC 2nd US Visit by Federation of Diet Members 3rd US Visit by Federation of Diet members Hon. Takeo Kawamura Chair of Federation Hon. Ryu Shionoya Secretary General of Federation Hon. Hirofumi Nakasone President of Japan-US Parliamentary Friendship League