Chapter 6 using weather data

Lesson 1the atmosphere Gases in the air. The atmosphere is made up mostly of nitrogen and oxygen. Nitrogen is 78%, and oxygen is 21% of our atmosphere. Nitrogen is what plants need to grow. Oxygen is what living things need to survive. Nitrogen and oxygen are not the only gases that make up air. Two of these substances are carbon dioxide and water.

How climate and weather are different Weather is the state of the atmosphere at a place and time as regards heat, dryness, sunshine, wind, rain, etc. Climate is a region with particular prevailing weather conditions.

Lesson 2 the water cycle and weather About three-fourths of earth’s surface is covered by water. Liquid water can become water vapor at lower temperatures. This happens in a process called evaporation, in which the surface of the water slowly changes into a gas. The little droplets of water formed by condensation, the change of state from gas to liquid. The water cycle is the movement of water into the air as water vapor and back to earth’s surface as precipitation. Precipitation is any form of water that falls from the clouds to earth’s surface.

Lesson 3 the weather factors WEATHER FACTORS describe weather . A barometer measures air pressure in units called millibars. An anemometer calculates the wind speed in kilometers per hour or miles per hour. A rain gauge measures the amount of precipitation that has fallen in an area. A thermometer measures temperature in degrees Celsius, or degrees Fahrenheit.

Lesson 4 climates of the world Climate is the average weather conditions in an area over a long period of time. A tropical climate is hot and rainy. Polar climate has very cold temperatures all through the year. A temperate climate usually has warm, dry summers and cold, wet winters.

Cause and affect, how climate changes Effect Cause, oceans, large body of water and other bodies of water. Latitude is the distance north or south from the equator. altitude, or height above sea Level. Mountains also affect earths climate. effect, usually the climate of nearby land areas are be wet and mild. low latitudes are near the equator. equator. The sun is high in the sky and the temperature is hot. The higher you travel up a mountain, the colder it gets. Mountains can block the path of air masses.