Presentation on Best Practice for Electrical Equipment Installation and Safety of Product(Earthing & Protection) Our Nation Pride INDIAN Railway/Smart Railway SAB badnge SAB Chadenge

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An Arcing Fault is the flow of current through the air between phase conductors or phase conductors and neutral or ground. Concentrated radiant energy is released at the point of arcing an a small amount of time resulting in Extremely High Temperature.

Fire Accident Reason Lose Contact Earthing Disorder and Lightning

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Copper Cladded Conductor For Electrical Installation The Copper Clad Steel Grounding Conductor is made up of steel with the coating of 99.99% pure copper. These conductors/ wires or strands are equipped with the strength of steel with the conductivity and copper with the better corrosion resistance property. The concentric copper cladding is metallurgic ally bonded to a steel core through a continuous, solid cladding process using pressure rolling for primary bonding. The copper cladding thickness remains constant surrounding steel. We use different steel grades for the steel core result in Dead Soft Annealed, High strength and Extra High Strength Characteristics. The Copper Clad Steel Wire yields a composite conductivity of 21%, 30% and 40% IACS, and available in Annealed and Hard drawn. We are delivering products with varied conductivity and tensile strength as per the customer need. Further, the wire can be processed to be silver plated or tinned copper clad steel wire.

Most Efficient Joint Process/Fail Proof It is efficient and superior to all existing surface –to-surface mechanical retention connectors.

What is Exothermic Welding System Copper to Bi-Metal and Alumenium Types of Exothermic Joints: Possible to join any bi metal except aluminum Exothermic welding is a process of making maintain free highly molecular bonding process is superior in performance connection to any known mechanical or compression-type surface-to-surface contact connector. Exothermic weld connections provide current carrying (fusing) capacity equal to that of the conductor and will not deteriorate with age.  It offers Electrical connections between two or more copper to copper and copper to steel conductors.  Highly portable method as it does not require any external power source or heat source, so it can be done almost anywhere.  It provides strong permanent molecular bond among metallic conductors that cannot loosen and further will not deteriorate with age.  Connection does not corrode with time and it offers permanent conductivity.

Copper Clad Steel Solid ROD and Conductor

LIGHTNING FORMATION

Facts about Lightning A strike can average 100 million volts of electricity Current of up to 200,000 amperes Can generate 54,000 o F 10/350MicroSec/50KA Fault Current/Discharge in Nano Sec Protection Earthing Design100KA Fault Current/Joints Exothermic /Flexible Down Conductor with Shortest Route & Less Corner

Lightning Protection Standard use in India (IS2309 Now IEC )NBC2016 Working Principle Angullar No Compromise with Design Max Protection 30Mtrs from One No Product warrenty from Manufacturer High Maintenance Require Earthing below Ohm

Lightning Risk assessment Study is actually the measure of risk of a lightning strike and probability of damages. As Per IEC All these calculations are based on: Lightning strike density inthat particular area(provided byOMV i.e.Ng = 8), Danger for people, Occupation coefficient of structure, Relative location of site, Fire Risk, Associated services, Electrical Lines, Lightning Protection Level, Surge Arrestor and Dimensions of installation.

Lightning Safety Calculation

Lightning Risk Calcuator as per IEC6305

PASSIVE PROTECTION SYSTEM

The Simple Rod air terminal is composed from a metallic rod with 2 to 8 m height dominating the structure to protect, and linked to 2 down conductors minimum, and 2 earthing systems. The protection radius ensured by this air terminal which is limited to 30 m more or less (Protection level IV, height = 60 m), especially dedicated to the protection of small structures or areas like towers, chimneys, tanks, water tower, antenna masts… The EN standard describes the installation procedure for these air terminals. 13 Simple Rods, 13 down conductors, and 13 earthing systems are necessary to ensure the protection below :

The meshed cage protection is composed from a meshing in roof surface and in the front face around the building. Surrounding the roof surface, and on high points, capture points are positioned. A conductors’ network is placed at the outer perimeter of the roof. This network is completed by transverse conductors. The size of the meshing is 5 to meters, and depends on the efficiency needed for the protection. On the front face of the building, the down conductors are linked at the top to the meshing of the roof. And, down, to specific earthing systems. The distance between two conductors is 10 to 25 meters, and depend on the efficiency needed for the protection. The EN describes the installation procedure for this method. Generally, this method is heavy and expensive, due to the complexity of the structures to protect. 26 capture points, 26 down conductors and a grounded loop earthing system are necessaries to ensure the protection of the structure here below :

The catenary wires protection is a method closed to the meshed cage principle, because it is constituted with meshing of the conductors far from the structure to protect, to avoid any contact with lightning current. Catenary wires are located over the structure to protect, connected to down conductors and specific earthing systems. The width of the meshing and distance between the down conductors must respect the same rules as for the meshed cage. The EN describes the installation procedure for this method. Generally, this method is heavy and expensive, due to the complexity of the structures to protect.erally, this method is heavy and expensive, due to the complexity of the structures to protect.

The ESE air terminal is a terminal which enables to generate artificially an upward leader earlier than a simple rod, with an ionization system, in order to establish a special impact on its point. The capture of the lightning strike being faster than a simple rod, this technology enables to benefit from larger protection areas, ensuring protection for large dimensions structures. The generated protection radius depends on the early streamer emission value of the air terminal (Δt in µs), its height, and the efficiency of the protection. The protection radius ensured by this type of air terminal is 120 m (Protection level IV, height = 60 m, early streamer emission time 60µs) The NFC standard describes the installation procedure for this type of air terminal. The installation of this type of air terminal is easy and cheaper than other technologies. It can protect whole buildings with one E.S.E. air terminal. It enables the protection of a structure and its environment, the protection of opened areas and well integrate in the architecture of a structure without aesthetic alteration. 1 ESE, 2 down conductors and 2 earthing systems are necessary to ensure the protection below :earthing systems are necessary to ensure the protection below :

ESE Installation Guidence ESE AT with radius protection form 32 mtr to 107 mtr. DMC Insulator. GI/FRP Mast. Down Conductor Copper / Copper Cadmium Cable 70 sq. mm Copper Bonded Ground Earthing

Step – 1 Step – 2 Step – 3 Joint all phase wire/ cable with the help of crimping tools and lugs Fixed the separation sheet between all wires/ cables Close the filled Silicon enclosure from top and bottom, complete installation is done. Thimble Separation Sheet Gel / Silicon

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