19.09 Replication of HIV Slide number: 1 Chromosomal DNA Viral DNA DNA RNA-DNA hybrid Viral RNA Viral proteins RNA Nucleus Glycoprotein Capsid Reverse transcriptase (RT) Viral envelope 50 nm Host cell Virus binds receptors on cell membrane, and enters cell. Enzymes remove proteins of viral capsid. 1 1 RT catalyzes formation of DNA complementary to viral RNA. 2 2 New DNA strand serves as a template for complementary DNA strand. 3 3 Double stranded DNA is incorporated into host cell’s genome. 4 4 5 Viral genes transcribed into mRNA. Some viral DNA copied as the RNA genome for virions. 5 6 mRNA translated into HIV proteins in cytoplasm. 6 7 Capsids surround new viral RNA genomes. 7 New viruses bud from host cell. 8 8 Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.

50 nm 19.09 Replication of HIV Slide number: 2 Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.

Reverse transcriptase (RT) 19.09 Replication of HIV Slide number: 3 50 nm Capsid Glycoprotein Viral envelope Reverse transcriptase (RT) RNA Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.

19.09 Replication of HIV Slide number: 4 Host cell Nucleus Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.

19.09 Replication of HIV Slide number: 5 Host cell Nucleus Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.

19.09 Replication of HIV Slide number: 6 Host cell Nucleus Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.

19.09 Replication of HIV Slide number: 7 Virus binds receptors on cell membrane, and enters cell. Enzymes remove proteins of viral capsid. 1 Nucleus Host cell 1 Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.

19.09 Replication of HIV Slide number: 8 Virus binds receptors on cell membrane, and enters cell. Enzymes remove proteins of viral capsid. 1 Nucleus Host cell 1 Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.

19.09 Replication of HIV Slide number: 9 Virus binds receptors on cell membrane, and enters cell. Enzymes remove proteins of viral capsid. 1 Nucleus Host cell 1 Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.

19.09 Replication of HIV Slide number: 10 Virus binds receptors on cell membrane, and enters cell. Enzymes remove proteins of viral capsid. 1 Nucleus Host cell 1 Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.

19.09 Replication of HIV Slide number: 11 Virus binds receptors on cell membrane, and enters cell. Enzymes remove proteins of viral capsid. 1 Nucleus Host cell 1 Viral RNA Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.

19.09 Replication of HIV Slide number: 12 Virus binds receptors on cell membrane, and enters cell. Enzymes remove proteins of viral capsid. 1 Nucleus Host cell RT catalyzes formation of DNA complementary to viral RNA. 2 Viral RNA 2 RNA-DNA hybrid Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.

19.09 Replication of HIV Slide number: 13 Virus binds receptors on cell membrane, and enters cell. Enzymes remove proteins of viral capsid. 1 Nucleus Host cell RT catalyzes formation of DNA complementary to viral RNA. 2 New DNA strand serves as a template for complementary DNA strand. 3 RNA-DNA hybrid 3 DNA Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.

19.09 Replication of HIV Slide number: 14 Virus binds receptors on cell membrane, and enters cell. Enzymes remove proteins of viral capsid. 1 Nucleus Host cell RT catalyzes formation of DNA complementary to viral RNA. 2 New DNA strand serves as a template for complementary DNA strand. 3 DNA Double stranded DNA is incorporated into host cell’s genome. 4 4 Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.

19.09 Replication of HIV Slide number: 15 Virus binds receptors on cell membrane, and enters cell. Enzymes remove proteins of viral capsid. 1 Nucleus Host cell RT catalyzes formation of DNA complementary to viral RNA. 2 New DNA strand serves as a template for complementary DNA strand. 3 Double stranded DNA is incorporated into host cell’s genome. 4 4 Chromosomal DNA Viral DNA Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.

19.09 Replication of HIV Slide number: 16 Virus binds receptors on cell membrane, and enters cell. Enzymes remove proteins of viral capsid. 1 Nucleus Host cell RT catalyzes formation of DNA complementary to viral RNA. 2 New DNA strand serves as a template for complementary DNA strand. 3 Double stranded DNA is incorporated into host cell’s genome. 4 5 Viral genes transcribed into mRNA. Some viral DNA copied as the RNA genome for virions. 5 RNA Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.

19.09 Replication of HIV Slide number: 17 Virus binds receptors on cell membrane, and enters cell. Enzymes remove proteins of viral capsid. 1 Nucleus Host cell RT catalyzes formation of DNA complementary to viral RNA. 2 New DNA strand serves as a template for complementary DNA strand. 3 Double stranded DNA is incorporated into host cell’s genome. 4 Viral genes transcribed into mRNA. Some viral DNA copied as the RNA genome for virions. 5 Viral proteins 6 mRNA translated into HIV proteins in cytoplasm. 6 Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.

19.09 Replication of HIV Slide number: 18 Virus binds receptors on cell membrane, and enters cell. Enzymes remove proteins of viral capsid. 1 Nucleus Host cell RT catalyzes formation of DNA complementary to viral RNA. 2 New DNA strand serves as a template for complementary DNA strand. 3 Double stranded DNA is incorporated into host cell’s genome. 4 Viral genes transcribed into mRNA. Some viral DNA copied as the RNA genome for virions. 5 Viral proteins mRNA translated into HIV proteins in cytoplasm. 6 7 Capsids surround new viral RNA genomes. 7 Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.

19.09 Replication of HIV Slide number: 19 Virus binds receptors on cell membrane, and enters cell. Enzymes remove proteins of viral capsid. 1 Nucleus Host cell RT catalyzes formation of DNA complementary to viral RNA. 2 New DNA strand serves as a template for complementary DNA strand. 3 Double stranded DNA is incorporated into host cell’s genome. 4 Viral genes transcribed into mRNA. Some viral DNA copied as the RNA genome for virions. 5 Viral proteins mRNA translated into HIV proteins in cytoplasm. 6 7 Capsids surround new viral RNA genomes. 7 Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.

19.09 Replication of HIV Slide number: 20 Virus binds receptors on cell membrane, and enters cell. Enzymes remove proteins of viral capsid. 1 Nucleus Host cell RT catalyzes formation of DNA complementary to viral RNA. 2 New DNA strand serves as a template for complementary DNA strand. 3 Double stranded DNA is incorporated into host cell’s genome. 4 Viral genes transcribed into mRNA. Some viral DNA copied as the RNA genome for virions. 5 mRNA translated into HIV proteins in cytoplasm. 6 Capsids surround new viral RNA genomes. 7 Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.

19.09 Replication of HIV Slide number: 21 Virus binds receptors on cell membrane, and enters cell. Enzymes remove proteins of viral capsid. 1 Nucleus Host cell RT catalyzes formation of DNA complementary to viral RNA. 2 New DNA strand serves as a template for complementary DNA strand. 3 Double stranded DNA is incorporated into host cell’s genome. 4 Viral genes transcribed into mRNA. Some viral DNA copied as the RNA genome for virions. 5 mRNA translated into HIV proteins in cytoplasm. 6 Capsids surround new viral RNA genomes. 7 Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.

19.09 Replication of HIV Slide number: 22 Virus binds receptors on cell membrane, and enters cell. Enzymes remove proteins of viral capsid. 1 Nucleus Host cell RT catalyzes formation of DNA complementary to viral RNA. 2 New DNA strand serves as a template for complementary DNA strand. 3 Double stranded DNA is incorporated into host cell’s genome. 4 Viral genes transcribed into mRNA. Some viral DNA copied as the RNA genome for virions. 5 mRNA translated into HIV proteins in cytoplasm. 6 Capsids surround new viral RNA genomes. 7 New viruses bud from host cell. 8 8 Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.

19.09 Replication of HIV Slide number: 23 Virus binds receptors on cell membrane, and enters cell. Enzymes remove proteins of viral capsid. 1 Nucleus Host cell RT catalyzes formation of DNA complementary to viral RNA. 2 New DNA strand serves as a template for complementary DNA strand. 3 Double stranded DNA is incorporated into host cell’s genome. 4 Viral genes transcribed into mRNA. Some viral DNA copied as the RNA genome for virions. 5 mRNA translated into HIV proteins in cytoplasm. 6 Capsids surround new viral RNA genomes. 7 New viruses bud from host cell. 8 8 Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.

19.09 Replication of HIV Slide number: 24 Virus binds receptors on cell membrane, and enters cell. Enzymes remove proteins of viral capsid. 1 Nucleus Host cell RT catalyzes formation of DNA complementary to viral RNA. 2 New DNA strand serves as a template for complementary DNA strand. 3 Double stranded DNA is incorporated into host cell’s genome. 4 Viral genes transcribed into mRNA. Some viral DNA copied as the RNA genome for virions. 5 mRNA translated into HIV proteins in cytoplasm. 6 Capsids surround new viral RNA genomes. 7 New viruses bud from host cell. 8 8 Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.

19.09 Replication of HIV Slide number: 25 Virus binds receptors on cell membrane, and enters cell. Enzymes remove proteins of viral capsid. 1 Nucleus Host cell RT catalyzes formation of DNA complementary to viral RNA. 2 New DNA strand serves as a template for complementary DNA strand. 3 Double stranded DNA is incorporated into host cell’s genome. 4 Viral genes transcribed into mRNA. Some viral DNA copied as the RNA genome for virions. 5 mRNA translated into HIV proteins in cytoplasm. 6 Capsids surround new viral RNA genomes. 7 New viruses bud from host cell. 8 8 Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.

19.09 Replication of HIV Slide number: 26 Virus binds receptors on cell membrane, and enters cell. Enzymes remove proteins of viral capsid. 1 Nucleus Host cell RT catalyzes formation of DNA complementary to viral RNA. 2 New DNA strand serves as a template for complementary DNA strand. 3 Double stranded DNA is incorporated into host cell’s genome. 4 Viral genes transcribed into mRNA. Some viral DNA copied as the RNA genome for virions. 5 mRNA translated into HIV proteins in cytoplasm. 6 Capsids surround new viral RNA genomes. 7 New viruses bud from host cell. 8 8 Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.

19.09 Replication of HIV Slide number: 27 Virus binds receptors on cell membrane, and enters cell. Enzymes remove proteins of viral capsid. 1 Nucleus Host cell RT catalyzes formation of DNA complementary to viral RNA. 2 New DNA strand serves as a template for complementary DNA strand. 3 Double stranded DNA is incorporated into host cell’s genome. 4 Viral genes transcribed into mRNA. Some viral DNA copied as the RNA genome for virions. 5 mRNA translated into HIV proteins in cytoplasm. 6 Capsids surround new viral RNA genomes. 7 New viruses bud from host cell. 8 8 Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.

19.09 Replication of HIV Slide number: 28 Virus binds receptors on cell membrane, and enters cell. Enzymes remove proteins of viral capsid. 1 Nucleus Host cell RT catalyzes formation of DNA complementary to viral RNA. 2 New DNA strand serves as a template for complementary DNA strand. 3 Double stranded DNA is incorporated into host cell’s genome. 4 Viral genes transcribed into mRNA. Some viral DNA copied as the RNA genome for virions. 5 mRNA translated into HIV proteins in cytoplasm. 6 Capsids surround new viral RNA genomes. 7 New viruses bud from host cell. 8 8 Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.

19.09 Replication of HIV Slide number: 29 Virus binds receptors on cell membrane, and enters cell. Enzymes remove proteins of viral capsid. 1 Nucleus Host cell RT catalyzes formation of DNA complementary to viral RNA. 2 New DNA strand serves as a template for complementary DNA strand. 3 Double stranded DNA is incorporated into host cell’s genome. 4 Viral genes transcribed into mRNA. Some viral DNA copied as the RNA genome for virions. 5 mRNA translated into HIV proteins in cytoplasm. 6 Capsids surround new viral RNA genomes. 7 New viruses bud from host cell. 8 8 Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.

19.09 Replication of HIV Slide number: 30 Virus binds receptors on cell membrane, and enters cell. Enzymes remove proteins of viral capsid. 1 Nucleus Host cell RT catalyzes formation of DNA complementary to viral RNA. 2 New DNA strand serves as a template for complementary DNA strand. 3 Double stranded DNA is incorporated into host cell’s genome. 4 Viral genes transcribed into mRNA. Some viral DNA copied as the RNA genome for virions. 5 mRNA translated into HIV proteins in cytoplasm. 6 Capsids surround new viral RNA genomes. 7 New viruses bud from host cell. 8 8 Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.