Cranial (anterior) drawer test

Dogs with a conformation of hyper-extended stifles and hocks are more prone to CCL rupture. The CCL is the primary check against hyperextension of the stifle.

Techniques of CrCl repair in the canine. Over-the-top repair showing how the orientation of the normal cranial cruciate ligament is duplicated.

Techniques of CrCl repair in the canine. Cranial advancement of the fibular head (with LCL attached) to limit cranial drawer. Fibular head transposition technique of Gail Smith DVM from U Penn.

Techniques of CrCl repair in the canine. Lateral imbrication technique of DeAngelis. The position of the suture limits cranial drawer and internal rotation of the tibial on the femur. Works best in dogs < 35 lbs (< 16 kg)

Tibial Plateau Leveling Operation To limit posterior luxation