Impact of Exploration of America and Africa

Essential Questions What impact did European exploration have on the Native American population? What were the hardships faced by slaves during the Middle Passage? What impact did European exploration have on the African population?

Native Americans Spanish conquistadors made slaves work in sugar fields and mining operations. Columbian Exchange: Transfer of goods between Eastern and Western Hemisphere. There was good and bad. - Millions of natives were killed off by disease brought by Europeans, like Small pox and syphilis -Sweat baths made worse -Animal domestication -Deliberately: infected blankets? Exchange Chart

Native Americans

African Americans-Slave Trade What is the history of Slavery in Africa? -Slaves were often used in Africa. -Usually prisoners of war serve as domestic servants or convicts, mentally challenged, people who upset their ruler. -African slaves already sent to parts of Europe and Asia. Why did they want it in the U.S.? -Growing demand for farmed goods -Short supply of Native Americans

African Americans-Slave Trade Where did the African’s come from? When demand increased, they started kidnapping victims from local tribes.

Route connecting Africa, America, and Europe. Triangular Trade Route connecting Africa, America, and Europe.

Middle Passage What was it and what were conditions like? -Journey from Africa to America -It took one to five months -Very harsh conditions, many died -Many ships carried 500-700 slaves at one time. Some were “tight packers” and other were “loose packers”

Colonial Latin America 13.3

Social Class of Colonial Latin America Peninsulares: Spanish and Portuguese officials who were born in Europe and held all important government positions Creoles Descendants of Europeans born in Latin America. They controlled all important land and business. Resented the peninsulares. Mestizos Children of European and Native American Mulattoes Children of European and Africans

Farming in Colonial Latin America More long term solution for European wealth. Native Americans worked large estates or were tenant farmers. Some used the “encomienda.” Others used the “mita” or drafting of Native Americans.

Crops and Goods from the Americas Gold Silver Sugar Tobacco Diamonds Animal hides Lumber

Assimilation Nations What was assimilation? From the beginning, Portuguese and Spanish conquers attempted to Christianize Native Americans. Remember the who the dominate culture was. Do you still see this practiced today?