Introduction to Native American Literature

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Presentation transcript:

Introduction to Native American Literature

Native Americans: 12,000-70,000 years ago The First Americans: Native Americans: 12,000-70,000 years ago European Settlers: 16th and 17th centuries St. Augustine, Florida- 1565 Jamestown, Virginia- 1607

1492 Columbus Sailed the Ocean Blue But, there were already several hundred Native American Tribes The Great Land Bridge Each tribe had its own myths, passed down through oral tradition and ceremonial storytelling. 1492

Universal Origin Myths Characteristics: Often Explain: Recount origins of Earthly Life (Creation Stories) Passed Down in Oral Traditions Exist across cultures Beginning of Human Life Religious Rites Natural Landmarks Animals Events outside of human control Myth: anonymous, oral story, which relies on the supernatural to explain natural phenomenon, human behavior, or mysterious events. They help make sense of the world.

Archetypes Model or ideal character, universally recognized and repeated in pattern Hero Loner Trickster Angel/Devil Mentor Small Determined Character Mother Disobedient/Very Obedient Child Being made up of two races Source of nutrition/life

Purposes of Origin Myths and Creation Stories Support and validate social customs: familial and gender roles, spiritual rites, etc. Give people order and identity. Help people through difficult times in life: sickness, famine, war, etc. Explain the workings of the natural world: earthquakes, tornadoes, drought, etc. Understand the mystery of the world.

Native American Origin Myths Emphasize a strong spiritual bond between the creator, humanity, and nature. Animals usually talk. Dreams are important. Repetition of actions or events, usually in threes. Drums were used to keep rhythm: Memory device Way to commune with nature. Common Conflict: Ancient customs vs. modern life Common Theme: Circle of Life Common Symbols: Fire, Water, Land, Wind Female archetypes play a much more powerful role in Native American stories than in Western culture.

Annotate the myth for characteristics we just discussed. Reading Assignment: Read “The Sky Tree” Creation myth of the Huron Around the Great Lakes, toward the Atlantic Annotate the myth for characteristics we just discussed.