Binders (Get them up to date) Tabs: TOC Vocab Notes Daily work/handouts Tests Table of Contents should include: Goal Sheet (completed) – first sheet Constitution Paper – Daily Work Vocab Unit 1 – Vocab Basics of Geography Notes Maps Handout – Daily Work Preamble Test – Tests Landform Gallery - DW Chapter 3, Sec 1 & 2 – DW Unit 1 Review – DW Hydrologic Cycle – DW Climate Zone Notes

Political Geography WORLD GEOGRAPHY

Population Geography Study of the number of people in an area and how the population affects that area Birth rate, mortality rate, fertility rate, rate of natural increase Population pyramids show gender and age distribution of a population Habitable lands – two-thirds of population between 20 and 60 degrees N latitude Half population lives in rural areas but decreasing Population density - # of people in an area Carrying capacity

Essential Questions What are some examples of political divisions at the local and regional levels? What are some reasons for political divisions at the local and regional levels? How do political divisions generate conflicts?

Essential Questions Why do political divisions cooperate? What are some examples of political divisions are the national and international levels?

Reasons for Political Divisions Differences in culture, language, religion Retention of historical boundaries Imperial conquest and control Economic similarities and differences

Examples of Political Divisions Neighborhoods Election districts School districts Regional districts Cities Counties States

Reasons for Divisions Desire for government closer to home Need to solve local problems Need to administer resources more efficiently

Reasons for Conflict Boundary disputes Cultural differences Economic differences Competition for scarce resources Political advantages (gerrymandering)

Reasons for Conflict Economic differences (fertile land, access to fresh water, access to coast, fishing rights, natural resources, different economic philosophies) Ethnic differences - Balkans, Cyprus, Kashmir

Reasons for Cooperation Natural disasters Economic advantages Cultural similarities Addressing regional issues

Examples of Cooperation Red Cross/Red Crescent Law of the Sea Antarctica Treaty/UN peacekeepers Peace Corps Alliances for environmental preservation Foreign aid

International Political Divisions North Atlantic Treaty Organization European Union Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries North American Free Trade Agreements United Nations

Write the question and answer. Which type of geography has to do with divisions based on mutual aid or types of governments? What is the difference between industrial land use and commercial land use, and which type of geography addresses this? ___________ geography figures the rate of natural increase by subtracting the ___________ rate from the ___________ rate. Political Geography Industrial is manufacturing products, while commercial is retail and private business. Urban Geography Population death birth

Economic and Urban Geography How Economies Change Over Time

Urban Geography How people use space – residential, industrial, commercial Why are cities where they are? What do cities do?

Review Population Geography – how a population affects an area of the environment Political Geography – how people in specific locations around the world have organized themselves into distinctive political groups, and how they influence and interact with each other. Urban Geography – How people use space

Economic Change The economies of countries change over time for many reasons. A. Industrialized countries now export labor intensive work to developing countries because labor is cheaper.

Economic Change The growth of trade alliances has led to large trading blocks such as North America, Europe, Africa, and Southeast Asia. Service industries such as banking, finance, tourism, healthcare, and marketing have grown.

Economic Change International banks and financial service networks have grown. Companies are moving to international product assembly of vehicles and electronic equipment. New technology that allows instant communication has changed financial markets (cell phones and internet)

Economic Change Modern transportation networks now allow rapid and efficient exchange of goods and materials (Federal Express, United Parcel Service, U.S. Postal Service) Products are now marketed on a global scale.

Economic Geography Types of economies include traditional, command, market, and mixed Levels include primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary Natural resources Infrastructure Measurements - per capita income, GNP, outsourcing, GDP

Economic Geography An economic and political union of 27 democratic European countries. It introduced a common currency called the Euro.

OPEC OPEC sets the price and production of oil for member countries. Key members are Saudi Arabia, Iraq, Iran, and UAE.

NAFTA NAFTA is a trade agreement that was signed by the United States, Canada, and Mexico. NAFTA eliminated most tariffs between the three members creating a free trade zone.

United Nations 192/195 nations are members of the United Nations. The purpose of the UN is to promote world peace and security.

OAS The OAS is a political union that includes all 35 countries in North And South America. OAS - The Organization's four main pillars––democracy, human rights, security, and development––support each other and are intertwined through political dialogue, inclusiveness, cooperation, and legal and follow-up instruments that provide the OAS with the tools to maximize its work in the Hemisphere.

League of Arab States The League of Arab States is composed of countries that are Muslim and speak Arabic. Cooperate on matters of economics, culture, communication, nationality, social welfare, and health.

ASEAN ASEAN is an economic organization in Southeast Asia. The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) was formed in 1967 by Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, and Thailand to promote political and economic cooperation and regional stability.

African Union The African Union is a political organization in Africa. - It was developed along the lines of the European Union and has ten commissioners overseeing departments including political affairs, agriculture and peace and security. Its founding charter mandates it to work for "democracy, human rights and development", while it also promotes investment in the continent and sends peacekeepers to troublespots.

Population and Political Geography

Urban and Economic Geography

Political, Urban, and Economic