Moving out of Africa The Stone Age Chemical Brothers: It began in Africa Year 7 SOSE – History 13 September 2013

Goal To understand the theory that people moved out of Africa around 60 000 BCE and settled in other parts of the world, including Australia Knowledge Effort

APK: Think-Pair-Share Approximately how long have human beings lived on Earth? The earliest humans (homo sapiens) appeared in Africa about 200 000 years ago How old is the Earth? The Earth is roughly 4.5 billion years old

If the Earth was 24 hours old

Moving out of Africa Based on the image provided, ask students to make predictions about the topic ‘Moving out of Africa’. “What do you think the maps is showing us?” Discuss as a class. Once students have come to the conclusion that human migration began in Africa, move on.

Human pre-history: Out of (Eastern) Africa Show video: https://www.23andme.com/gen101/prehistory/outofafrica/#moving_around_africa Stop video to discuss important concepts or difficult vocabulary.

The Stone Age World People lived as hunter-gatherers They were nomadic Hunting animals and gathering food in the wild They were nomadic Following animals around Small communities Less than 50 people living together Very few primary sources! Technology (weapons, tools made of stone & bone), human bones and paintings on cave walls

An amazing journey

Ancient Australia Hunter-gatherers Traders No native Australian crops suitable for farming No native Australian animals suitable for herding Traders Extensive trading routes crisscrossed Australia Men were hunters, women were gatherers

Fill in the gaps An amazing journey In pairs of two, read the handout together and fill in the gaps

Investigation: Migration to Australia In your group, read the text together and answer the questions. Provide students with the investigation handout and get them to work through the questions. Students should collaborate as a team or three and answer two questions each.

African under the skin You and I, in fact everyone all over the world, we’re literally African under the skin; brothers and sisters separated by a mere two thousand generations. Old-fashioned concepts of race are not only socially diverse, but scientifically wrong. Dr. spencer Wells, Genographic Project Ask students what the quote means (you will need to break down difficult terms). Have them discuss what the phrase “African under the skin” means to them. Explain that the Genographic Project and other scientific research projects provide evidence that all humans, past and present, can trace their ancestry back to a single ancestor who lived in Africa about 60,000 years ago. Ask students what Dr. Wells meant by “old-fashioned concepts of race.” Explain that genetic evidence shows all humans are 99.9% identical and do not fall neatly into physical categories some people call races. The differences among us—like skin color and hair texture—evolved as humans adapted to different environments. They account for less than one tenth of one percent of our genetic makeup.

Geno-what Project? Click on the picture to take you to the short film – Beyond Genealogy

Let’s go on a journey… https://genographic.nationalgeographic.com/human-journey/ Follow the link to the Genographic project website. Get the students to follow along on their netbooks. Read through the information as a class, breaking down difficult terms. Start at the beginning and click on a few of the arrows to read through the information to get the students used to how the map works. Allow the students so time to do their own investigation and move onto answering some questions.

Investigate: When did people first migrate to North America? How did ancient people move from one part of the world to another? How long did it take? Why did they travel along the paths depicted on the map? Why does the map show more migration to the southern part of North America? Why would people have migrated to the south rather than the north? How is the migration shown on the Atlas of the Human Journey maps different from the movement of a family from one city, state, or country to another? (Students should understand that the map shows the movements of large groups of people.) Provide students with the investigation handout and get them to work through the questions. Students should collaborate as a team or three and answer two questions each.

Goal Reflection: Write a paragraph on what you have discovered about migration. Why do you think people moved out of Africa? Rate your Knowledge and Effort: Knowledge: 1 2 3 4 5 Effort: 1 2 3 4 5

Goal Write a paragraph on what you have discovered about migration. Why do you think people moved out of Africa? Knowledge Effort