November 15, 2016 Bell Ringer: Make a list of all the organs in the body you can think of that are affected by alcohol use. Chapter 22, Lesson 2 objective: identify ways to prevent the use of tobacco, alcohol and other drugs such as alternative activities.

Words to know Metabolism: process by which the body breaks down substances Blood alcohol concentration (bac)- amount of alcohol in a person’s blood, expressed as a percentage Binge drinking: drinking five or more alcoholic drinks at one sitting Alcohol poisoning: a severe and potentially fatal physical reaction to an alcohol overdose

short-term effects of drinking The short-term effects of alcohol are different for each individual: Body size and gender: small people feel the effect of the same amount of alcohol faster than a larger people do. Alcohol also moves into the bloodstream faster in females. Food: food in the stomach slows down the passage of alcohol in the bloodstream. Amount and rate of intake: as amount of alcohol increases, the level of alcohol in the bloodstream also rises. When a person drinks faster than the liver can break it down, intoxication results.

Short-term effects of drinking

Short term effects of alcohol in our systems Nervous system: the brain becomes less able to control the body. Movement, speech and vision are impaired. Cardiovascular system: heart- alcohol causes an increase in heart rate and blood pressure. Digestive system: stomach-stomach acid production increases resulting in vomiting; liver- chemicals cause inflammation and scarring kidneys-leads to dehydration respiratory system: lungs- carbon dioxide forms

Alcohol and drug interactions INTERACTIONS, BETWEEN MEDICATIONS AND ALCOHOL CAN LEAD TO ILLNESS, INJURY AND EVEN DEATH. ALCOHOL-DRUG INTERACTIOSN ARE A FACTOR IN ABOUT25% OF ALL EMERGENCY ROOM ADMISSIONS. TO UNDERSTAND WHY THESE ITERACTIONS OCCUR, YOU MUST UNDERSTAND HOW THE BODY WORKS….

ALCOHOL AND DURG INTERACTIONS When a drug enters the body, it travels through the bloodstream to its target organ or tissue. Over time, the body metabolizes the drug (breaks it down). At this time, the liver metabolizes the alcohol in the bloodstream and makes it less active. Then the kidneys filter the neutralized particles and other waste products from the blood and produce urine, which is excreted. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I_OoW_w-uM8

Did YOU KNOW? FEMALES BECOME INTOXICATED FASTER AND STAY THAT WAY LONGER THAN DO MALES OF COMPARABLE SIZE. WHY? FEMALES HAVE A HIGHER % OF BODY FAT AND LESS WATER IN THEIR BODIES THAN MALES. AS A RESULT, ALCOHOL IN FEMALES IS LESS DILUTED AND HAS A STRONGER AND MORE LASTING EFFECT. THE ENZYME THAT CONTROLS ALCOHOL PROCESSING IS 70% MORE EFFECTIVE IN MALES THAN IN FEMALES.

Driving under the influence Drinking alcohol impairs vision, reaction time and coordination. When drinking is mixed with driving, the results can be dangerous and deadly. Driving while intoxicated (DWI) also known as Driving under the influence (DUI), is the leading cause of death among teens.

Driving under the influence In most states driving while intoxicated is defined as having a 0.08% blood alcohol concentration (BAC). Again, depending on your size and weight, for example a woman, could have 1 12 fl oz beer @ .05 and almost be over the intoxicated limit if she weighed 100 lbs.

Tests for d.w.i. When a person is stopped for drinking and driving, a cop will administer a range of tests called a “field sobriety test” to see if the person is intoxicated or not: Nystagmus: during this test, the officer will position a pen approximately 12 inches away from the persons face. He will then move the object from side to side, all the while watching the suspects eyes for an involuntary jerking movement as described above https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yVuxj6eIIcI

Tests for dwi The walk and turn: the police officer will demonstrate but you have to take 9 heel-to-toe down a straight line. The suspect will be instructed how to turn once down the 9 steps and then will be instructed to walk back the 9 steps, heel- to-toe. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0IvuNiBsGhs

Tests for Dwi Finger to nose test: The suspected drunk driver will be instructed to place their feet together before tilting their head back slightly with their eyes closed. They will then be instructed to touch their nose. Looking for imbalancement, swaying, eyelid tremors etc., https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7fpRZpsjQA8

Consequences of dwi Harm to other drivers Severely restricted driving privileges Alcohol related injuries, property damages and death. Living with regret and remorse for consequences Loss of parental trust and respect Jail time, arrest, possible lawsuits Higher insurance rates – up to 3X higher than those nondrinking peers

Binge drinking Binge drinking is the drinking of 5 or more alcoholic drinks in one sitting. Rapid binge drinking (sometimes done on a bet or dare) is especially dangerous because it is possible to consume a fatal dose of alcohol. Binge drinking can also cause alcohol poisoning.

Alcohol poisoning Very dangerous and can be deadly. It acts as a depressant and shuts down involuntary actions such as breathing and the gag reflex that prevents choking. It is common for a person who consumed too much alcohol to vomit because the stomach is irritated…. But if the involuntary actions are shut down, a person can choke and be asphyxiated by his own vomit (my friend who passed away 6 months ago.)

Effects of Alcohol poisoning Mental confusion, coma, inability to be roused, vomiting and seizures. Slow respiration– fewer breaths Irregular heartbeat Low body temperature Severe dehydration from vomiting

Teen drunken driving tragedy https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j-nDfa4odjY After the video, answer the following questions in your journal: Do you think she should go to prison? Yes or no? and why? Should the families stick together or stay apart now that this has happened?