European Settlements in North America 8-1.2: Compare the motives, activities, and accomplishments of the exploration of South Carolina and North America by the Spanish, French, and English.

Turn to page 21 in your atlas, use map D labeled “North America 1682” Color the areas colonized by the French, English, and Spanish by coloring the areas each a different color (please note the yellowish/white area should be left blank). Make a key, so you know what each color represents. Turn to pages 23 and label the following settlements (use a dot and write the name next to it): Plymouth Jamestown Quebec Montreal Turn to page 24 and label Charles Town

The Beginnings As a result of Columbus’ expedition, more European explorers set off for the new world. Their motives? God, Gold, and Glory.

The 3 Gs in a Nutshell

The Spanish in the New World Many Spanish explorers went to the New World in search of Gold. When they couldn’t find what they were looking for, they began claiming land instead. These explorers were known as conquistadors. In Spanish, this word means conqueror. They set out to conquer the land.

Encomiendas When the new territories were conquered, the Spanish enslaved the Native Americans to work on their encomiendas, or large farms/plantations. After Native Americans died from disease and being overworked, they brought in African slaves to do the work.

The Spanish Influence They built cities, universities and brought their culture from Spain to the New World. They also brought their social class system, style of government, Catholic religion, and their language. New settlements were established in Florida (St. Augustine), South Carolina, and the SW of N. America. They also set up missions along the Pacific Coast. The first Catholic mass in the New World Areas in purple were claimed by Spain

Spanish Settlement in SC

The Spanish arrival in North America Hernan de Soto came searching for gold but didn’t build a settlement. De Soto’s Route

Spanish Settlements Spanish explorers set up a settlement called San Miguel de Gualdape in the 1520s. It was later abandoned due to loss of supplies while at sea and disease (malaria). Another settlement, San Felipe, was built in the 1560’s, but it was attacked after 10 years by Native Americans, who revolted. The people of the settlement fled to St. Augustine, FL.

Location of the Settlements San Miguel de Gualdape: located on the Wacamaw River near Georgetown San Felipe: near Beaufort…located on top of the abandoned French settlement Charlestfort- present day Parris Island. San Miguel de Gualdape San Felipe

San Miguel de Gualdape What appears to be the first building the settlers here completed? What does this say about the settlers?

Problems at Spanish Settlements in SC Problems at the settlements that led to failure include: Complications with the mother country Trouble with Native Americans Disease Lack of Leadership Rebellion Shortage of Supplies (Food)

The French in the New World

The French As the Spanish grew more and more wealthy from the New World, other countries began to take notice

The French The French sent explorers to the New World French explorers were mainly looking for a Northwest passage

The French They sailed down the St. Lawrence river and claimed the region for France. Canada New York

Land Claimed The French created settlements at Montreal and Quebec. However, not many French settled here because it’s too cold. However, they did bring their culture to this area.

Fr. Menard a French missionary and explorer Religion French Protestants (Huguenots) were not allowed to come to the New World because the French king didn’t want them to spread Protestantism. At first, the French spread Catholicism to the new world. That would later change as the Huguenots would soon seek territory in the new world for religious freedom. Fr. Menard a French missionary and explorer

Trade French traders had good relations with the Native Americans that they met. The French relied on the Native Americans for fur. Fur was in high demand in Europe, so the French were able to make money from the sale of fur. Samuel de Champlain trading with the Natives

Claiming More Land The French traveled along rivers, including the Mississippi . They went all the way down the Mississippi to the Gulf of Mexico claiming Louisiana naming it after King Louis XIV. Note how much bigger Louisiana is on this map, than it is in present day. That’s a lot of land! Area in blue was claimed by France

French Settlements in SC The French also attempted settlements in SC. Jean Ribault, a French Naval Officer (and Huguenot), tried to build a settlement as a refuge for him and his fellow Huguenots. He sailed from France with 150 men and set up the colony of Charlesfort (this was the failed French colony that on which the Spanish built San Felipe).

Charlesfort Located near Beaufort This settlement failed because of the ill prepared men Ribault left behind. Charlesfort

#epicfail Go to p. 18-19 in your textbook and read about the French Colony at Charlesfort. It’s a really interesting story. On a piece of copy paper, you need to create a cause and effect chart to show the information you read. You need at least 5 causes and effect scenarios On the back, create a hashtag that you might post on twitter if you were one of the people from the Charlesfort settlement. Write it with a marker. In pencil, explain why your hashtag is appropriate. Cause Effect

English in the New World

The English The English came to claim land in the New World for the King. They claimed land along the coast and named the land Virginia and New England. They also came in hopes of finding gold and some were fleeing from religious persecution in England.

Claiming Land The English were able to create 13 successful colonies along the east coast. Later, they developed successful economies. They came in search of gold, ended up growing tobacco. The English brought their culture, language, ideas about self- government and Protestant religion to the New World

English in SC In 1670, the English finally founded a settlement in SC named Charles Towne. This was the first permanent settlement in SC and it is located near present day Charleston. It is named after King Charles II of England.

European Settlement Review Answer the following questions on a separate sheet of paper Explain what a conquistador is. What were the names of the two Spanish settlements in SC and what were their locations? What problems did the French have at Charlesfort? What was the name of the English settlement? List 3 examples of the Spanish influence in the New World. What economic activity did the French participate in? What problems did the Spanish have at their SC settlements? Why did the French begin exploring the New World? What conquistador passed through SC? How did Spain reward their conquistadors?