The Skeletal System

DIRECTIONS: Fill in ALL the information with astericks DIRECTIONS: Fill in ALL the information with astericks * in front of them by reading the proper section of the text, Do Not use Glossary. This must be done prior to the class.

III) The Appendicular Skeleton Major Regions Appendages Pectoral girdle Pelvic girdle

A. The Pectoral Girdle Function *Clavicle: location & articulations *Scapula: “ “ Glenoid Cavity: Spine: Glenoid Cavity Scapula

Bones of the Shoulder Girdle Figure 5.21c–d

B. Bones of the Upper Limbs 1. Humerus *Head: description & location Articulations Joint Flexibility & Stability

Bones of the Upper Limbs 2. Forearm bones *Ulna: location Olecranon Process: Superior Articulation Inferior Articulation *Radius: location *Head: location & articulation Inferior articulation

Bones of the Upper Limbs 3. The hand *Carpals: location & number *Metacarpals: as above *Phalanges: as above Digits

C. Pelvic Bones & Girdle 1. = 2 coxal (ossa coxae) bones & Saccrum 2. Each Coxal Bone = 3 fused bones a. Ilium Iliac Crest b. Ischium Ischial Tuberosity c. Pubis 3. *Acetabulum: description, location, function Illiac Crest Illium Ischium etabulum Pubis Ischial Tuberosity

The Pelvis: Right Coxal Bone Figure 5.24b

4. Pelvis = Pelvic Girdle & Coccyx Inlet Outlet Pubic Arch 5. *Functions do all Supports: Protects: Birth 6. Articulations Pelvic Inlet

The Pelvis Figure 5.24a

6. Gender Differences of the Pelvis– why? FEMALE Female Pelvis: *Inlet & Outlet size: Ilia shape: pubic arch: MALE

D. *Bones of the Lower Limbs name upper 3 bones = & Foot bones 1. Thigh = Femur Strength Patellar surface *Head: location & function Articulations

Bones of the Lower Limbs … 2. Tibia Tibial Tuberosity Articulations 3. Fibula Does not articulate with the femur

Bones of the Lower Limbs …. 4. The foot *Tarsals (includes heel) location, number *Metatarsals (includes sole) as above *Phalanges as above Digits = toes

IV) Joints Functions Types Sutures Synovial Humerus

Synovial Joints Joint Cavity Synovial fluid Articular cartilage Ligaments

Types of joints Hinge Pivot Ball and Socket

The Synovial Joint Figure 5.29

Inflammatory Conditions– STUDENTS DO *Tendonitis describe, cause, treatment *Arthritis as above Osteoarthritis Rheumatoid arthritis Osteoporosis

END

Assignment due the class day after Test #1 day DIRECTIONS: Answer the following questions What is the overall function of Muscles? 2. List the 3 types of muscle tissue and give the following for each type: Where found, b) Cell shapes, and c) what cells do to cause #1 above What do the following prefixes mean: myo, mys, and sarco 4. Define “Tendon” and “Aponeurosis” 5. Give the skeletal muscle functions. Define: Sarcoplasm, Myofibril, Sarcoplasmic Reticulum State and Describe the 4 skeletal Muscle cell characteristics that allow for stimulation and contraction. 8. Define the following: motor neuron, motor unit, Neuromuscular junction, synaptic cleft, Neurotransmitter, Acetylcholine

The Appendicular Skeleton Figure 5.6b