Kingdom Bacteria (Eubacteria) Bacteria are more helpful than harmful!

Kingdom Bacteria bacteria – a large group of microscopic one- celled organisms that sometimes cause disease

Reproduction of Bacteria Binary Fission – a type of asexual reproduction where one organism divides into two organisms How?... -The one main (circular) chromosome makes a copy of itself -Then it divides into two bacteria www-raider.stjohns.k12.fl.us/.../ sv16.html

BINARY FISSION Bacteria dividing Completed Reproduction of Bacteria http://www.cellsalive.com/ecoli.htm http://www.cellsalive.com/cam2.htm Bacteria dividing Completed

B I N A R Y F I S O N

How Are They Classified? Bacteria are classified based on how they obtain energy (get food): 1) Consumers (heterotrophs) - get their energy from other organisms (parasite or decomposer) -parasites – organisms that feed on living things -decomposers - get food from breaking down dead matter into simple chemicals **(Bacteria are the #1 decomposer) 2) Producers (autotrophs)- bacteria that make their own food through photosynthesis

Shapes of Bacteria Scientists often classify bacteria by their shape: Spiral-shaped- (Spirilla) occur in single strands Rod-Shaped – (Bacilli) may occur singly or in chains Round-shaped – (Cocci) may occur singly or in pairs, chains, or clusters

How Do They Get Energy? Producers and Consumers (Parasite or Decomposer) Bacteria use osmosis and diffusion in order to take in water & nutrients so they can grow and divide, as well as make the materials needed to survive. Osmosis – the movement of water through a membrane from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration Diffusion – the tendency of a substance to move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration

Bacteria are found everywhere – they can be beneficial or harmful Where Are They Found? Bacteria are found everywhere – they can be beneficial or harmful

Good for the Environment Life as we know it could not exist without bacteria!! Nitrogen-fixing bacteria consume nitrogen and change it into a form that plants can use. Nature’s recyclers- decomposers (Dead material/Waste would never decompose) Bioremediation-bacteria is used to clean up oil spills

Good for People Scientists can genetically engineer bacteria for many purposes, including the production of medicines, insecticides, cleaners, adhesives, foods, etc. Bacteria are used to make antibiotics to fight other bacteria. Insulin- Bacteria is used to help to make insulin Digestion-inside your gut

Feeding Time Every time you eat cheese, yogurt, buttermilk, or sour cream, you also eat a lot of lactic-acid bacteria The lactic acid acts as a preservative and adds flavor to the food

Harmful Bacteria Pathogenic bacteria cause diseases Pathogenic bacteria invade a host organism and obtain nutrients from the host’s cells (parasite) Bacterial Diseases: tooth decay, ulcers, strep throat, food poisoning, Lyme disease, Bubonic plague

Fun Fact Scientists believe that Archaea and Bacteria are the oldest forms of life on earth!!!! BrainPOP | Bacteria