Ancient Civilizations Religions Brainstorm sheets

HINDUISM Gods – brahma –creator Vishnu – Preserver Shiva - Destroyer Gods have own families Upanishads – religious text “sitting near a teacher” Reincarnation – rebirth of the soul - good life – reborn into a higher position Bad life – reborn into a lower position Perfect life – break the cycle of reincarnation (became one with Brahman) Ahisma – non violence Hindus do not eat meat Dharma – religious and moral duties Yoga – physical activity - *yoga of selfless deeds, *Yoga of knowledge, *Yoga of Devotion

Abraham-taught his people in the fertile crescent to follow monotheism Abraham and his followers – go to Canaan to practice new religion Famine forces them to Egypt There, they become slaves for 600 years MOSES – new leader. Brings them back to Canaan (Isreal) Ten commandments – rules given by god Saul – 1st King David – made Jerusalem their capital Solomon – wise king After Solomon's death kingdom divided in 2–(Judah and Israel) Assyrians attack – Jewish people get exiled Torah – Jewish bible Judaism

Covenant – agreement between God and his people Prophets – religious teachers that speak to people with messages from god All people are equal When romans attacked Jewish people scattered (diaspora) Had an impact on Christianity and Islam

Buddhism Siddhartha Gautama – young prince that saw human suffering Went on a journey to find the cause Meditate/fast for 49 days for the answer CAUSE: selfish desires of power, pleasure, and wealth *must give these up* Buddha – “Enlightened one” Follow middle way – also called “Eightfold Path”- avoid a life of extreme pleasure or extreme unhappiness

Believe in non-violence Nirvana – lasting peace All people are equal and can follow a path to nirvana Missionaries spread beliefs Buddhism encouraged by Asoka after battle of Kalinga Buddhism travels to China through silk road Religion flourished Still practiced today

Christianity Jesus – founder of Christianity 12 disciples – followers of Jesus – told stories of his life and teachings Matthew, mark, Luke and john, - New Testament – stories of Jesus’ life Jesus spoke of his father and his kingdom while preaching Sermon on the Mount – encouraged people to treat others kind Roman government feared Jesus would take over Roman Empire Arrested and crucified His followers spread the word of his teachings after his death

-Paul wrote letters to people all over Rome -Roman government banned the practice of Christianity – people who practiced were fed to lions in the coliseum -Constantine – emperor who made Christianity legal -Peter – first bishop of Rome – called pope -Martyr – Christians that died in the name of god -Religion flourished and is practiced today