INDIA@COP22 Agriculture Contingency Plan as an Adaptation Strategy for Weather Aberrations Dr. V. P. Sharma Sh. B. Rath Sustainable Lifestyle = Positive Climate Action www.indiaatcop22.org

INDIA@COP22 Background Parliamentary committee on agriculture recommended preparation of district level Contingency plans for floods, droughts, heat wave, cold wave etc. Ministry of agriculture assigned the responsibility to ICAR Issue discussed in the Vice Chancellor’s Conference on 18.02.2010 Proforma/template prepared and finalized by ICAR in consultation with DOAC Secretary Agriculture has approved the proposal and released the grants to ICAR Instructed all the relief commissioners to cooperate with SAUs www.indiaatcop22.org

Organizations involved: INDIA@COP22 Approach: Bottom-up involving district level scientists of Agricultural Research Stations and KVKs of SAUs Organizations involved: 50 State Agricultural Universities (SAUs) and 8 ICAR institutes www.indiaatcop22.org

The District Contingency Plans cover INDIA@COP22 The District Contingency Plans cover Delay in monsoon onset Breaks in monsoon leading to early, mid and late-season droughts Delayed or limited release of water for irrigation Floods Unseasonal rains Extreme weather events: Heat wave, Cold wave, Frost, Hailstorm, Cyclone www.indiaatcop22.org

District Plans - Benefits INDIA@COP22 District Plans - Benefits District - Administrative unit for operationalization of any action plan or developmental by the state Helps the district administration to take specific and timely steps rather than allocating resources in adhoc manner Helps the relief teams from Centre to have a technical input Helps in formulating weather insurance policies Helps in planning for inputs and resource allocation for relief and strategic panning in vulnerable areas, both in terms of resource allocation and physical asset development Helps in identifying nodes of convergence in the ongoing development programmes to dovetail into the implementation of the contingency plans Awareness, sensitivity and capacity building of all stakeholders are integral for DCPs implementation and in a bottom up process in future leading to a self reliant planning and implementation at the local level. Eventually, these DCPs will help plan contingency strategies at the state and, finally at national level and a Decision Support System can be developed www.indiaatcop22.org

1.0 District Agricultural Profile INDIA@COP22 Standard Template - Outline 1.0 District Agricultural Profile 1.1 Agro-Climatic / Ecological Zone for the district 1.2 Rainfall –Seasonal, Total, Rainy days 1.3 Land Use – 9 fold 1.4 Soils – Dominant 1.5 Gross and Net Sown Area 1.6 Irrigation – Gross Area, Net Area, Sources, Groundwater quality 1.7 Major field and horticultural crops –season wise –irrigated and rainfed 1.8 Livestock- Large and Small ruminants 1.9 Poultry – Commercial and Backyard 1.10 Fisheries 1.11 Production and Productivity of Major Crops 1.12 Sowing Window 1.13 Major Contingency (s) in the District 1.14 Location Map and Soil Map of the District www.indiaatcop22.org

INDIA@COP22 1.13   What is the major contingency the district is prone to? (Tick mark) Regular* Occasional None Drought Flood Cyclone Hail storm Heat wave Cold wave Frost Sea water intrusion Snowfall Landslides Earthquake Pests and disease outbreak (specify) Others (like fog, cloud bursting etc.) *When contingency occurs in six out of 10 years www.indiaatcop22.org

INDIA@COP22 2.0 Strategies for Weather related Contingencies 2.1 Drought 2.1.1 Rainfed Situation A Early Season Drought Delay in Onset by 2 Weeks Major Farming Situation, Normal Crops/Cropping System, Agronomic Measures, Remarks on Implementation Delay in Onset by 4 Weeks Delay in Onset by 6 Weeks Delay in Onset by 8 Weeks www.indiaatcop22.org

INDIA@COP22 B Normal Onset of Monsoon followed by Early, Midseason and Terminal Drought Early Season Drought due to 15-20 days dry spell after sowing – Major Farming Situation, Normal Crop/Cropping System, Crop Management, Soil & Moisture Conservation measures, Remarks on Implementation Midseason Drought at Vegetative Stage – Major Farming Situation, Normal Crop/Cropping System, Crop Management, Soil & Moisture Conservation measures), Remarks on Implementation Midseason Drought at Reproductive Stage – Terminal Drought(Early Withdrawal of Monsoon)- Major Farming Situation, Normal Crop/Cropping System, Crop Management, Rabi Crop Planning, Remarks on Implementation www.indiaatcop22.org

INDIA@COP22 2.1.2 Irrigated Situation i Delayed release of water in canals due to low rainfall Major Farming Situation, Normal Crop/Cropping System, Crop Management, Agronomic measures, Remarks on Implementation ii Limited release of water in canals due to low rainfall iii Non release of water in canals under delayed onset of monsoon in catchment iv Lack of inflows into tanks due to insufficient /delayed onset of monsoon v Insufficient groundwater recharge due to low rainfall www.indiaatcop22.org

INDIA@COP22 2.2 Unusual Rains (Untimely/Unseasonal) for both rainfed Irrigated Situation Continuous high rainfall in a short span leading to water logging Heavy rainfall with high speed winds in a short span Measures at vegetative, flowering, maturity and post harvest stages 2.3 Floods 2.4 Extreme Events 2.4.1 Heat Wave 2.4.2 Cold Wave 2.4.3 Frost 2.4.4 Hailstorm 2.4.5 Cyclone Contingency measures in 5 key crops / horticulture crops at nursery, vegetative, flowering, maturity, post-harvest www.indiaatcop22.org

INDIA@COP22 www.indiaatcop22.org

614 District Plans Completed INDIA@COP22 614 District Plans Completed www.indiaatcop22.org

Major Crops (kharif) in Andhra Pradesh Crops Districts in Coastal INDIA@COP22 Major Crops (kharif) in Andhra Pradesh Crops Districts in Coastal Cotton Guntur, Prakasam, Vizianagaram, East Godavari Pigeonpea Prakasam, Guntur Groundnut Vizianagaram, Srikakulam, Visakhapatnam, Krishna Mesta Vizianagaram, Srikakulam Greengram Krishna, Srikakulam Sugarcane Vizianagaram, Visakhapatnam Maize Vizianagaram, Visakhapatnam, Guntur Finger millet Sesame Pearl millet Prakasam Blackgram West Godavari, Krishna Rice Vizianagaram, Visakhapatnam, Krishna www.indiaatcop22.org

Major Crops (Kharif) in Rayalaseema Region Kharif rainfed crops INDIA@COP22 Major Crops (Kharif) in Rayalaseema Region Kharif rainfed crops Districts Groundnut Ananthapur, Kurnool, Kadapa, Chittoor Sunflower Kurnool, Ananthapur, Kadapa Pigeonpea Kurnool, Ananthapur, Kadapa, Chittoor Maize Kurnool, Ananthapur Cotton Kadapa, Ananthapur Sorghum Kurnool www.indiaatcop22.org

INDIA@COP22 Major Crops (Kharif) in Telangana Kharif rainfed crops Districts Cotton Adilabad, Nalgonda, Khammam,Warangal, Karimnagar, Mahabubnagar, Medak, Rangareddy Maize Mahabubnagar, Medak, Warangal, RangaReddy, Khammam Pigeonpea Mahabubnagar, Adilabad, Nalgonda, RangaReddy, Medak, Warangal, Khammam Castor Mahabubnagar, Nalgonda Soybean Adilabad,Nizambad Sorghum Mahabubnagar, Medak, Adilabad, RangaReddy, Warangal Greengram Medak, Warangal, Khammam Groundnut Mahabubnagar, Nalgonda, Warangal Blackgram Medak www.indiaatcop22.org

Normal sowing Window for major field crops INDIA@COP22 Normal sowing Window for major field crops Season Paddy Ground nut Maize Black gram Green gram Cotton Sorghum Pigeonpea Kharif- Rainfed  -  1st week of June- 1st week of July (Aug in Ananthapur) 1st week of June- 1st week of August 1st week of June- 2nd week of July 1st week of June- 1st week of July 3rd week of June – 2nd week of July  1st week of June 4th week of June 1st week of June – 3rd week of July Kharif-Irrigated  1st week of July –4th week of July 1st  week of June -1st week of July 1st  week of June –1st week of August 1st  week of July - 2nd week of July Rabi- Rainfed - 2nd week of  Oct- 1st week of Nov 1st week of October-2nd week of October 1st week of September-4th week of September 1st week of September-1st week of October www.indiaatcop22.org

INDIA@COP22 Soil types www.indiaatcop22.org

Contingency crop plan for coastal region of Andhra Pradesh INDIA@COP22 Contingency crop plan for coastal region of Andhra Pradesh Farming situation Normal onset (1st or 2nd wk of Jun Suggested contingency crops/ cropping systems and cultivars Normal crop/cropping system Delay by 2 weeks (3rd week of June) Delay by 4 weeks (1st week of July ) Delay by 6 weeks (3rd week of July) Delay by 8 weeks (1st week of August ) Lowland Rice Rice Green manure – Rice – GG / BG / Maize Rice-Rice-Pulse Rice – Greengram / Blackgram / Maize Rice-Rice- Pulse Rice- Pulse/ Maize Upland - Rainfed No change (MTU-9993, Maruteru sannalu, Varalu, Rajendra) Pigeonpea / Pigeonpea + Blackgram / Greengram Medium deep black soils – Rainfed Cotton Deep black soils-Rainfed Fallow-Chickpea (Rabi) Shallow soils-Rainfed Pigeonpea Cowpea Groundnut Rainfed - Black soils Greengram Blackgram (LBG- 20, 623, 645) Chickpea Maize Cluster bean (Pusa mausami, Pusa sadabahar, Gowri) www.indiaatcop22.org

Contingency crop plan for rayalaseema of Andhra Pradesh INDIA@COP22 Contingency crop plan for rayalaseema of Andhra Pradesh Farming situation Normal onset of monsoon (2nd week of June) Suggested contingency crops/ cropping systems and cultivars Normal crop/cropping system Delay by 2weeks (4th week of June) Delay by 4 weeks (2nd week of July) Delay by 6 weeks (4th week of July) Shallow red soils Groundnut + Pigeonpea (7:1) + Pigeonpea (7:1) Groundnut : Kadiri- 9, Prasuna, Narayani Pigeonpea : LRG-30 Groundnut : Kadiri- 9, Prasuna, Narayani Groundnut / Sorghum / Cowpea / Greengram / Sunflower / Fox tail millet Fodder Sorghum / Pearl millet / Cowpea / Greengram/ Sunflower (Horsegram- 3rd week of September Sunflower No change Sunflower (Modern, APSH-11, NDSH-1, KBSH-1, 44) Rainfed Black soils(> 50 cm) (DRSF-108, KBSH-1,44) (DRSF-108, KBSH-44, PAC-1091, DRSH-1, Jwalamukhi, Sanjan-85) Fallow - Sunflower (Sept –Oct) Pigeonpea Pearl millet Greengram Medium black soils Cotton ( LRA-5166, NA-1325, LAHH-5, NHH-44, H-8) Sorghum Kharif- Sorghum Kharif (CSH-13, 15, CSH-9,16) Fodder sorghum Maghi/ Rabi Sorghum www.indiaatcop22.org

Contingency crop plan for Telangana Region INDIA@COP22 Contingency crop plan for Telangana Region Farming situation Normal onset of monsoon (2nd week of June) Suggested contingency crops/ cropping systems and cultivars Normal crop/cropping system Delay by 2weeks (4th week of June) Delay by 4 weeks (2nd week of July) Delay by 6 weeks (4th week of July) Black soils Cotton No change Sunflower/ Pigeonpea Red soils Pigeonpea (Maruthi, – 100, 158) Maize - Maize / Greengram Maize - Maize / Greengram Maize Pigeonpea / Sunflower / Fallow Red& Black soils Sunflower / Sesame Castor (Jwala, Kranti, Kiran, Haritha) (Jwala, Kranti, Kiran, -111) Soybean Sorghum Pearl millet Castor + Pigeonpea (1:1) / Horsegram Greengram - Maize Sunflower Red Soils Groundnut Castor + Pearl millet / Finger millet (1:1) Castor + Pigeonpea(1:1) www.indiaatcop22.org

INDIA@COP22 ICAR, DAC Interface Meetings on Enhancing the Preparedness of Agricultural Contingencies in Kharif 2016 State Meeting Date Venue Andhra Pradesh 11-05-2016 Kurnool Maharashtra 14-05-2016 Pune Telangana 17-05-2016 Hyderabad Jharkhand 24-05-2016 Ranchi Karnataka 26-05-2016 Benguluru Bihar 30-05-2016 Patna West Bengal 31-05-2016 Kolkata Madhya Pradesh 21-06-2016 Bhopal Assam 27-06-2016 Guwahati Meghalaya 28-06-2016 Shillong Gujarat 23-06-2016 Ahmadabad Rajasthan 04-07-2016 Jaipur www.indiaatcop22.org

INDIA@COP22 www.indiaatcop22.org

INDIA@COP22 www.indiaatcop22.org

INDIA@COP22 www.indiaatcop22.org