CRIME PREVENTION THROUGH ENVIROMENTAL DESIGN C.P.T.E.D. (Pronounced sep-ted) By Brian Kornegay

CPTED CONCEPTS 3 MEASURES TYPE OF ACTIVITY WHO ARE THE INTENDED USERS WHO ARE THE POTENTIAL ABUSERS

Basic Principals of CPTED Territoriality Access Control Natural Surveillance Activity Support Maintenance

Territoriality Refers to defining of space as public, semi-public, semi-private or private Is the expression of pride and ownership Prevents unauthorized use of space by unintended users Public Private Outer

Access Control A method of guiding people to and from a space by effective use of entry & exit points to minimize uncontrolled movement

Natural Surveillance The ability of the intended property users to observe their surroundings Can be created by designing buildings, activity locations, and landscaping features that provide maximum visibility A concept based on the fact that criminals do not want to be observed committing crimes.

Activity Support Placing activity where the individuals become part of the “natural surveillance” When the activity can be enjoyed safely, crime is deterred A “risk” for the potential offender increases

CPTED EXAMPLES Montezuma’s Castle,AZ Wakanukka Prison Canada Fort Knox

The Ultimate C.P.T.E.D. Property

Target Hardening Security measures to make entry or removal of property more difficult

Fire Escape Warning The fire department recommends crawling out of burning buildings Mount any device low so it can be reached while crawling!

Entry Doors Hollow Core Solid Core Made of solid wood, laminated wood, particle board, steel, fiberglass or a combination of the above Made for exterior use Much harder to kick open Hollow Core Intended for interior use only Easy to force or kick open Older houses often have them as exterior doors

Door Locks

Locks Deadbolt Good choice if Bolt is dead (can not be pushed in) Installed properly Quality lock is used Bolt is dead (can not be pushed in)

Deadbolt Single vs. Double cylinder Double cylinder often used when there is a window in or near the door Should leave key in door when people are home for emergency exit Not allowed by some fire codes Installed in most houses Need key for entry only

Deadbolt What to look for 1 Inch throw on bolt “Anti Wrench Collar”

Security Strike Plates On all entry doors Install with 2-3 inch screws extend into the framework of the building not just the trim wood Makes it harder to kick open

Mortise and Rim Locks Mortise Rim Locks Mortise lock Bolt Spring latch Mortise Often called box lock due to shape Mounts in rectangular cavity (mortise) inside door Special tools and expertise needed to install Usually has spring latch and dead bolt Rim Locks Similar to mortise but mounts on side (rim) of door Good choice for almost all doors Has vertical or horizontal bolts Use quality screws

Eye Viewers AKA peep holes Not to be confused with “peoples” Minimum of 180 degree Good working order

Exposed Hinges If the door opens out it has exposed hinges Drive screw or nail into door leaving it exposed about 3/8” to fit into hole drilled in door jam If the door opens out it has exposed hinges Harder to kick in Easy to remove hinge pins and remove whole door Special hinges can be bought with set screws and/or locking pins A screw or dowel can be installed into the current hinges dowel Hinge pin

Fire Escape Warning The fire department recommends crawling out of burning buildings Mount any device low so it can be reached while crawling!

Windows Windows are left unlocked more often than are doors Many ways to secure windows depending on the type of window

Sliding Windows Very common Reinforce same as sliding doors Thumbscrew locks can be placed on the track

Sliding Glass Doors (Arcadia Doors) Usually have latch and not a lock Often able to be lifted from track and removed If not removed by lifting, it often disengages the latch

Arcadia Door & Sliding Window Fixes Place a dowel or stick in track This will not secure one that can be lifted off track Install screws in track above door to keep it from being lifted Drill hole through door into frame to install a pin Being careful of the glass Many devices are available from the local hardware store Charlie bars Mechanical pins Track blocking devices Some with locks DOWEL

Double Hung Windows Slides vertically Usually have upper and lower windows Many commercial devices to secure these windows Window can be pinned by drilling a hole through the front window into the back window and installing a nail or pin Drilling the hole at a downward angle will keep the pin in place Side view Nail

Casement Windows Crank Open Obvious to passersby when open Lever locks the window not the crank Levers can be drilled and pinned Worn crank hardware may not close the window enough for lever to engage and lock window closed New hardware should fix this

Iron Bars Can be mounted over ground floors windows if local code allows Must have break away feature to allow emergency escape

Landscaping Sends strong signal to criminals Visibility is the key

Bushes Below window level Prevents concealment during entry Tree branches 6 –7 feet from the ground Opens up view increasing natural surveillance Shrubs cut to 36”

Consider planting thorny plants under windows and around fences Cactus Roses Bougainvillea Pyracantha

Uniform Security Lighting Permits recognition of color of clothing and vehicles and ethnicity of persons at 100 feet

Perimeter Lighting Some jurisdictions have a “dark sky” ordinance that restricts certain types and styles of fixtures Consider motion sensor lights in rear and side yards Inexpensive and can be a signal that someone is there Porch and carport lights left on all day signal you are away Use photo cells

Lighting Lighting enhances surveillance Exterior Lighting Parking in common areas If you see a threat you can avoid it Good lighting is needed on walkways and at entrance House numbers too

Lighting Interior Lighting Looks like someone is home More comfortable to not enter a dark home Use timers or photo sensors

Fences Must be maintained and gates locked Criminals like a clear escape Fences slow them down prevents removal of heavy items We Do not recommend placing glass, tar or carpet tack strips on top of fence Police and fire often have to climb fences Consider fencing that enhances Natural Surveillance Wrought iron Quality chain link Must be maintained and gates locked Access control and territoriality

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