Religion Peace &Conflict 2014-2015 Religious Zionism Religion Peace &Conflict 2014-2015

Jewish exile 70 CE:

Jewish beliefs: Unity of One God, Revelation, Mission of Moses to pass on the Law to the Jews on Mount Sinai, Jewish relationship with God is a Covenant relationship, Messianism.

Jewish Tradition: God chose His people, Israel is the Jewish Holy Land (Jerusalem=Zion), Halakha’ ( in Hebrew הלכה, which means “the way to go”) is the Jewish Law.

Proto-Zionism: R. Zevi Hirsch Kalisher (1795-1844) Leszno, Prussia Rabbi Yehuda Alkalai (1798-1878) Sarajevo, Bosnia

Political Zionism Theodor Herlz (1860-1904): The First Zionist Congress (1897, Basle, Switzerland): Creation of the State of the Jews in Palestine, Liberal democracy, Separation between Religion and State, Equal rights for Jews and non-Jews, Creation of the WZO, World Zionist Organization.

Religious Zionism Rabbi Reines (1839-1915): Vilna 1902 Creation of the Mizrachi party (המזרחי) within WZO: Religion and Nationalism, Religion and modernity, Active Messianism, Resettle in the Holy Land : Israel.

Mizrahi in Palestine: They arrived in the early 1920s, Ideology: state formation was a means: To the liberation of the land; To the spiritual return of all the Jews to the religious fold .

Rabbi Avraham Yitzhak Hacohen Kook (1865-1935) 1924 Mercaz Harav Yeshiva, The beginning of redemption, The sign of the coming of the Jewish Messiah, Events in world history indicated that Jewish redemption was near.

14 May 1948:

Israel’s Story Maps:

The effects of Six Days War (1967): Israel occupied the West Bank, the Gaza Strip, the Golan Heights, and the Sinai Peninsula, Rabbi Zvi Yehudah Hacohen Kook: anticipate the feelings of proprietorship over Eretz Israel, Redemption of the Jews through settlements of the land, 1968 Rabbi Levinger and 79 followers settled illegally in Hebron and they settled in Kiryat Arba.

Israeli borders according to Kook:

Gush Emunim (Block of Faithful) 1974: Consequence of the Yom Kippur war (1973), They incremented the settlements in Samaria, Judea and Gaza, Independent organization outside NRP, Settlements in West Bank, Support from Shimon Peres, the Israeli defense minister, September 1977 settlements declared legal, Treasury allocated 6 million to these settlements, By July 1980, their number had risen to 64.

Radical Religious Zionism: 1971 Rabbi Meir Kahane, head of the Jewish Defense League, (JDL) moved to Israel, American experience in the 1960s, Jewish lower-class, Slogan:“Never Again”, 1973 his party run to the Knesset and had 12,811 people,

Kach (Thus!)1975: Camp David Accord (1978) radicalized the position of the movement, 1984 Elected in the Knesset: 25, 906 people voted for him, 1994 The Israeli Government following statements in support of B. Goldstein’ s massacre of 29 Palestinians, banned the movement.

Baruch Goldstein:

Kach’s flag:

Israel in the 1990s: By the end of the first intifada 1987-1992 Israel counted between 90,000-100,000settlers, by 1992 Israel counted 7000 more settlers, In the 1996 election the Likud vote in Kiryat Arba rose to 24.4 per cent; in the separate vote for prime minister that year Netanyahu received 96.3 per cent and Peres only 3.6 per cent.

Oslo Agreement 1994

Israel today: Israel has built dozens of settlements since 1967 that are now home to at least 541,000 Israelis, about 4 percent of the Israeli electorate; As of the end of 2012, there were just over 341,000 settlers in the West Bank. The remaining 200,000 are in east Jerusalem. (About 2.3 million Palestinians live in the West Bank and 300,000 in east Jerusalem.) More than half of settlements are defined as “national religious” and “ultra-Orthodox.” About a quarter of settlers live in large non-orthodox towns, while most of the rest live in smaller villages of secular or religiously mixed populations. Two percent live in small farming settlements along the Jordanian border; There are more than 30 Jewish settlements on the heights, with an estimated 20,000 settlers. There are some 20,000 Syrians in the area, most of them members of the Druze sect; In the January 2013 elections, the pro-settler Jewish Home party received the most votes, some 28 percent, followed by 21% for Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu’s Likud-Beyteynu faction. The two main ultra-Orthodox parties garnered 27 percent of the vote. Israel’s Central Bureau of Statistics