Belief Systems and World Religions Global One Review 33

What is the purpose of any religion?

Hinduism India (South Asia) Polytheistic Bhagavad-Gita Reincarnation Location Type Book Characteristics Impact Reincarnation Dharma Karma Moksha Ahimsa Vishnu, Shiva, Brahman CASTE SYSTEM! Born into caste Determines all aspects of life No social mobility Partition of India  religious tension btwn Hindus and Muslims India (South Asia) Polytheistic Bhagavad-Gita

Buddhism India  East Asia Tripitaka Location Type Book Characteristics Impact No gods Reincarnation Karma Four Noble Truths Eightfold Path Siddhartha Gautama (founder) Spread out of India along the Silk Road to China Asoka’s Pillars- non-violent laws based off Buddhism Meditation - Yoga India  East Asia Tripitaka Philosophy

Judaism Israel MONOTHEISTIC !! Torah & Talmud Kosher laws Location Type Book Characteristics Impact Israel MONOTHEISTIC !! Kosher laws Anti-Semitism Diaspora Protestant Reformation Russian Pogroms Holocaust Creation of Israel after WWII Arab vs. Jewish nationalism Religious conflict Torah & Talmud Founder Abraham made covenant with god (promise) Promised Hebrews a holy land in Israel Heaven Ten Commandments Moses 2nd covenant

Confucianism The Analects Filial Piety (respect for elders) Location Type Book Characteristics Impact Filial Piety (respect for elders) Five Relationships Maintain social order Civil Service- the ruler should lead by example Stressed education, scholars held in high esteem China  Korea  Japan The Analects Philosophy

Christianity Monotheistic Bible Location Type Book Characteristics Impact Church very powerful during Middle ages (owns land) Crusades The Protestant Reformation Spreads through imperialism Latin America Africa (White Man’s Burden) Ancient Rome  Europe, Americas Monotheistic Bible Foundation in Judaism; Same God Ten Commandments + New Teachings from Jesus Christ the messiah Heaven & Hell

Islam Middle East, North Africa, SE Asia Monotheistic Crusades Location Type Book Characteristics Impact Crusades Shi’s/ Sunni split Islamic Empire Sharia- laws based on Koran Islamic Fundamentalism- (opposes Westernization and supports traditional Islam) Trace roots to Judaism and Christianity Founded by Muhammed (Mecca  Medina) Follow Five Pillars of Faith: Hajj Jihad Hijab Polygamy Middle East, North Africa, SE Asia Monotheistic Koran (Qu’ran) Sharia

How are Shintoism and animism similar? Japan Kami-nature spirits Indigenous peoples (native to an area) Africa/N.America Both worship spirits in nature