ISLAM

Grab Packet from the back Grab Packet from the back. Put your name on packet and begin writing this down on the note page. ISLAM: a monoltheistic religion whose followers are called Muslims. It emerged on the Arabian Peninsula. There are an estimated 1.2 billion Muslims worldwide today Approximately 1/5th of the world's population

(Muslims do not allow pictures/representations of Muhammad) ISLAM MUHAMMAD: the founder of Islam and is considered a prophet by Muslims. Considered the last and greatest of all prophets (Muslims do not allow pictures/representations of Muhammad)

ISLAM Mecca: A city in western Saudi Arabia; birthplace of Islam’s prophet Muhammad and most holy city for Islamic people. Caliph: successor to Muhammad, a political and religious position for government leaders.

THE QURAN The sacred text of Islam, teaches that God is all-powerful and compassionate. It also states that people are responsible for their own actions.

THE 5 PILLARS OF ISLAM All observant Muslims perform these five duties: Declaration of Faith Daily Prayer Alms for the Poor Fast During Ramadan (holy month) Hajj- (a pilgrimage (religious trip) to pray at the Kaaba in Mecca at least once) NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC-MECCA

1. DECLARATION OF FAITH DEFINITION: “There is no god but God (Allah) and Muhammad is his prophet (messenger). Muslims believe that God had sent other prophets like Abraham & Moses, but Muhammad was the last and greatest. ARABIC TERM: shahada

2. DAILY PRAYER DEFINITION: Muslims pray five times each day. After ritual washing they face Mecca and perform specific actions as they pray.

3. ALMS FOR THE POOR DEFINITION: Muslims care for others by giving charity to the poor. ARABIC TERM: zakat-a tax collected from Muslims to be used for charity

4. FAST DURING RAMADAN DEFINITION: Muslims fast from sunrise to sunset during the holy month of Ramadan. Ramadan: the ninth month of the Muslim year, during which strict fasting is observed from sunrise to sunset. The sick and very young children are not required to fast. 9th month of Islamic calendar 2010 1431 11 August 9 September 2011 1432 1 August 29 August 2012 1433 20 July 18 August 2013 1434 9 July 7 August 2014 1435 28 June 27 July 2015 1436 18 June 16 July 2016 1437 6 June 5 July 2017 1438 27 May 24 June 2018 1439 16 May 14 June 2019 1440 6 May 3 June 2020 1441 24 April 23 May

5. HAJJ DEFINITION: Muslims who are physically and financially able must make a pilgrimage to pray at the Kaaba in Mecca at least once in their lives. More than two million Muslims visit Mecca each year for this purpose.

Ghazu- Raid on another Arab Tribe in order to take their property Ummah- Muslim community of believers