Prokaryotic vs. Eukaryotic Cells

Prokaryotic vs. Eukaryotic Cells Animal and Plant cells are considered eukaryotic cells. Eukaryotic: A type of cell that has membrane-bound organelles Bacteria are considered prokaryotic cells. Prokaryotic: A type of cell that has no membrane-bound organelles.

Do Now: Getting sick Describe the last time in your life when you got sick. How did you feel? How long were you sick? How do you think you got sick? How did you eventually get better?

Contagion Why was everybody getting sick? Click the image to view the film trailer on YouTube

Pathogen A pathogen is a substance that can cause an infection. Type of Organism Disease Streptococcus Bacteria Strep Throat Rhinovirus Virus Common Cold Plasmodium Protazoan Malaria Cestoda Animal Tapeworm

Pathogens To learn more about pathogens, view the optional video. Click the image above to view the video on YouTube

Compare/Contrast Use your worksheet to compare and contrast the two images.

Image: By Maulucioni y Doridí - Own work, CC BY-SA 3

Prokaryotic Cells Usually smaller than eukaryotic cells In organisms like bacteria and archaea Only a part of unicellular (one cell) organisms Reproduce asexually Have NO MEMBRANE BOUND ORGANELLES Contain ribosomes, a cell membrane, cell wall, cytoplasm and sometimes flagella DNA is in a circular shape called a plasmid in the cytoplasm Image: Mariana Ruiz Villarreal LadyofHats - Own work, Public Domain, via Wikimedia Commons

Eukaryotic Cells Usually larger than prokaryotic cells In animals, plants, fungi and protists Can be part of unicellular or multicellular organisms Reproduce sexually or asexually Have MEMBRANE-BOUND ORGANELLES (mitochondria, nucleus, chloroplast, vacuoles) DNA is packed into linear structures called chromosomes in the nucleus

All of these Organisms are made of Eukaryotic Cells Image: By File:Osmia rufa couple (aka).jpg: André Karwath File:Boletus edulis (Tillegem).jpg: Hans Hillewaert File:Volvocales.png: Aurora M. Nedelcu File:Lightmatter chimp.jpg: Aaron Logan File:Ranunculus asiaticus4LEST.jpg: Leif Stridvall File:Isotricha intestinalis.jpg: Agricultural Research Service Compilation: Vojtěch Dostál [CC BY-SA 2.5 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5)], via Wikimedia Commons

Prokaryotic vs. Eukaryotic DNA Prokaryotic DNA: In a circular chromosome called a plasmid that floats in the cytoplasm. Eukaryotic DNA: In linear chromosomes inside of the nucleus. Note- Chromosome = a package of DNA Image 1: By Average_prokaryote_cell-_en.svg: Mariana Ruiz Villarreal, LadyofHats Difference_DNA_RNA-EN.svg: *Difference_DNA_RNA-DE.svg: Sponk (talk) translation: Sponk (talk) derivative work: Radio89 [CC BY-SA 3.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0)], via Wikimedia Commons Image 2: By Eukaryote_DNA.svg: *Difference_DNA_RNA-EN.svg: *Difference_DNA_RNA-DE.svg: Sponk (talk) translation: Sponk (talk) Chromosome.svg: *derivative work: Tryphon (talk) Chromosome-upright.png: Original version: Magnus Manske, this version with upright chromosome: User:Dietzel65 Animal_cell_structure_en.svg: LadyofHats (Mariana Ruiz) derivative work: Radio89 derivative work: Radio89 (This file was derived from  Eukaryote DNA.svg:) [CC BY-SA 3.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0)], via Wikimedia Commons

Do Now: 3-2-1 3 organelles that are in eukaryotic cells but not prokaryotic cells 2 differences in prokaryotic and eukaryotic genetic material 1 difference in size between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells

Cells and Sickness Pathogenic Prokaryotic Cells cause... -strep throat -food poisoning (salmonella, e. Coli) -bronchitis -cholera -STI’s: chlamydia, syphilis, ghonarea Pathogenic Eukaryotic cells cause... Yeast infection Malaria Image: CC0 Public Domain - Pixabay

Cells and Health Ways that eukaryotic cells help us We are made of eukaryotic cells so they do everything for us! Ways that prokaryotic cells help us Help digest food Help prevent stomach ulcers

Think about it … Angel is looking at a cell under a microscope. She says that its eukaryotic. What is one way that she can know that its eukaryotic? She sees that it has ribosomes She sees that it has mitochondria She sees that it has a cell membrane She sees that it has cytoplasm Image: public domain, Pixabay

Lab: The Battle of Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes Question: Does plate A contain prokaryotic cells or eukaryotic cells? Does plate B contain prokaryotic cells or eukaryotic cells? Image: By Tweenk - Own work, CC BY 3.0, Wikimedia Commons