Density and Temperature

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Presentation transcript:

Density and Temperature

What is Density??

What is density? Density is mass per unit volume of a substance Ice floats in water because Ice is less dense than water Liquids with low densities will float on top of substances that are more dense Density= Mass/Volume Units: Mass grams (g) Volume  milliliters (mL) or Cubic centimeters (cm3)

Density

Two Ways to Volume Volumes of Solids We use the formula specific to their shape Cylinders =  x r2 x h Blocks = l x w x h Volumes of liquids We use water displacement

Sample Problem 1 Calculate the density of a material that has a mass of 52.457 g and a volume of 13.5 cm3. D = ??? M = 52.457 g V = 13.5 cm3 D = 52.457/13.5 D= 3.8857  3.89g/cm3

Sample Problem 2 The density of silver is 10.49 g/cm3. If a sample of pure silver has a volume of 12.993 cm3, what is the mass? D = 10.49 g/cm3 M = ??? V = 12.993 cm3 10.49 = M /12.993  M = D x V  136.296 136.3 g

Practice on Your Own A student finds a rock on the way to school. In the laboratory he determines that the volume of the rock is 22.7 mL, and the mass in 39.943 g. What is the density of the rock? What is the mass of a 350 cm3 sample of pure silicon with a density of 2.336 g/cm3? The density of lead is 11.342 g/mL. What would be the volume of a 200.0 g sample of this metal?

Temperature Temperature: The measurement of the AVERAGE KINETIC energy of a particle. Scientists use two equivalent scales: Celsius and the Kelvin. Absolute Zero: Theoretically the point at which all particle motion ceases. Zero Kelvin For WATER: On the Celsius scale: The Freezing point is ZERO the boiling point is 100. On the Kelvin scale: The freezing point is 273.15 and the boiling point is 373.15

Temperature Conversions Celsius To Kelvin Kelvin to Celsius Formula: K = ºC + 273 EX: Covert 23º C to K K = 23 + 273 = 296 K Formula: ºC = K – 273 EX: Convert 400K to Celsius ºC = 400-273 = 127

Practice Convert the Celsius temperatures to Kelvin: -50ºC 100ºC 32ºC Convert the Kelvin temperatures to Celsius: 150K 300K 125 K 25 K