ALCOHOL THE FACTS ABOUT

OBJECTIVES You will be able to: Describe what responsible use of alcohol includes List at least 5 factors that influence how alcohol affects a person Describe why and how alcohol affects males vs females differently Describe what “one drink equivalent” means Describe what the “proof” vs. % alcohol of an alcoholic beverage means Describe what BAC is and what happens at each level of BAC in the bloodstream Describe the affects of alcohol on judgment and driving skills Differentiate between legal limits for BAC for <21 vs >21 List 5 kinds of drugs that are dangerous when used in combination with alcohol Describe how alcohol affects adolescents differently List the symptoms of alcohol poisoning List the actions necessary when someone has symptoms of alcohol poisoning

AGENDA – ALCOHOL UNIT DAY 1 Share Health Articles Poll everywhere – discussion Alcohol Pretest Watch “Binge Drinking: The Facts” ~24 min Write down 10 facts from the video Day 2 Groups of 3-4 work together to answer the objectives using the PowerPoint handout/outline Class review/discussion

AGENDA (cont) Day 3 Share Health Articles Recap important points from first 2 days Groups of 3-4 work together on BAC and Behavior worksheets Class discussion

ALCOHOL Why do some people choose to drink alcohol? …who are of age? http://www.polleverywhere.com/free_text_polls/CMyiw lm6tPGhS3A …who are not of age? http://www.polleverywhere.com/free_text_polls/aJyaTx hy5A6W963 Why do some people choose NOT to drink alcohol? http://www.polleverywhere.com/free_text_polls/MTE0 NjA2Mzc4OA What does “responsible drinking” look like?

THE BASIC FACTS ALCOHOL IS A DRUG PROGRESSIVELY ANESTHETIZES BRAIN FUNCTION….STARTING WITH “HIGHER BRAIN FUNCTION” (cerebrum)

ALCOHOL BASICS (cont) IF DRINKING CONTINUES, THE B.A.C. RISES, AND THE CEREBELLUM CAN BECOME AFFECTED

ALCOHOL BASICS (cont) If the B.A.C. gets high enough, alcohol can ANESTHETIZE the vital function centers of the brain, slowing or even stopping breathing and heart beat

MORE ALCOHOL BASICS Alcohol effects every system and organ in the body Alcohol is directly absorbed into the bloodstream

ONE STANDARD DRINK = .6 oz of 100% alcohol ONE DRINK =12 oz. BEER = 4-5 oz WINE (1 GLASS) = 1 – 1 ½ oz HARD LIQUOR (~1 “shot”)

ALCOHOL METABOLISM The liver can only metabolize (detoxify) the equivalent of ONE DRINK PER HOUR NO MATTER WHAT!! NOTHING CAN SPEED UP THIS PROCESS

PROOF PROOF is a term that reflects the potency of a beverage It is an expression of the % ALCOHOL….Double the % = the PROOF EXAMPLE: Vodka 40% ALCOHOL = 80 PROOF

QUESTIONS What is the % alcohol in a 50 Proof beverage? What is the proof of a beverage with 100% alcohol?

FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE HOW ALCOHOL AFFECTS A PERSON NUMBER of “standard” drinks consumed How FAST the drinks are consumed The PROOF of the beverage FOOD in the stomach or not

FACTORS (cont) Gender: Weight Females have higher B.A.C. because: Higher % body fat in general less of an enzyme that breaks down alcohol in the stomach (alcohol dehydrogenase) Weight Body Type(higher body fat=higher alcohol level)

FACTORS (cont) Other medication or drugs in the body EXTREMELY DANGEROUS to combine alcohol with other depressant drugs: Tranquilizers (Valium) Antianxiety medications (Xanax, Klonopin) Prescription pain medications (Vicodin, Percocet, OxyContin, morphine, codeine, etc.) “Club Drugs” – GHB, Rhohypnol Also dangerous to combine with STIMULANTS and ENERGY DRINKS

FACTORS (cont) Tolerance Mood, emotions Where you are Age Fatigue and stress

FACTORS (cont) CARBONATED BEVERAGE or not Temperature Intentions

BLOOD ALCOHOL CONCENTRATION (B.A.C.) LEGAL LIMITS: <21 limit = .02 >21 limit = .08

ROAD SIDE SOBRIETY TEST Test 3 motor functions: Balance Horizontal eye nystagmus Coordination

ALCOHOL AND ADOLESCENTS Alcohol acts differently in teenagers Brain not fully matured…especially frontal lobe Alcohol more likely to impair LEARNING in adolescents…effects how memories are formed…more likely to experience “blackouts” Less likely to get sleepy from alcohol…leading to increase risk of dangerous levels of alcohol

ALCOHOL POISONING SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS (may only have 1 symptom or several): Is not responding to yelling, pinching, poking, etc. Has slow breathing (> than 10 seconds b/w breaths) Can’t stand up Has cool, clammy, pale or bluish skin Is constantly vomiting or not fully awake when vomiting Irregular or slow pulse

ALCOHOL POISONING DO’s FOR ALCOHOL POISONING DO Place person on their side DO CALL 911 (DO NOT HESITATE TO CALL!) DO stay with the person at all times DO check breathing and pulse…CPR If necessary

ALCOHOL POISONING DON’Ts for ALCOHOL POISONING DO NOT give the person food, liquids, medications or drugs DO NOT give the person a cold shower DO NOT try to exercise the person DO NOT let the person drive, walk, or ride a bike DO NOT put a drunk person in charge of another drunk person DO NOT let them “sleep it off”…alcohol level can continue to rise after they fall asleep and they could become comatose

REVIEW Fast forward a few years…you are sleeping over a friend’s house after a party. One of the other people sleeping over drank a lot of alcohol at the party while playing a drinking game. WHAT SYMPTOMS WOULD MAKE YOU CONCERNED ABOUT ALCOHOL POISONING? WHAT ACTIONS SHOULD YOU TAKE IF YOU OBSERVE SYMPTOMS OF ALCOHOL POISONING? WHAT SHOULD YOU NOT DO IF YOU SUSPECT ALCOHOL POISONING?

BLOOD ALCOHOL CONCENTRATION BAC BEHAVIORAL EFFECTS DRIVING RISK .01 - .04 Judgement & self control lessened; less inhibited; some lessening of driving skills BUT NO NOTICEABLE IMPAIRMENT OF MOTOR FUNCTION! Feels “normal” At .02-.04, a teen is 7x more likely to be killed in a crash than a sober driver .05 - .08 Coordination impaired; reaction time slows; peripheral and night vision decreased; balance effected; feels “up” At .085, a teen is 40x more likely to be killed than a sober driver; a 55-yr-old with .085 is 20x more likely .09 - .16 Coordination, balance, vision worsen; legally blind w/ 20/200 vision; speech slurred; feels “relaxed” At .12, a teen is 90x more likely to die in a crash than a sober driver .20 Gets angry easily; may vomit; staggering; confusion; unfit to drive for 10 hrs! BLACKOUT, feels “mixed up .21 - .30 Stupor and passing out; breathing and HR slowed; VOMITING; SEVERELY INTOXICATED!; can’t stand or walk; in danger…DEATH POSSIBLE .30 - .45 COMA; UNCONSCIOUSNESS – DEATH POSSIBLE