MS. HA CHAPTER 22 PART 1 SECTION 2 U.S. in Vietnam MS. HA CHAPTER 22 PART 1 SECTION 2
I. France retreats A. United States involved 1. Economic aid 2. Military aid 3. South Vietnamese
B. Ho Chi Minh 1. Brutal / repressive regime 2. People supported him a) Broke up land holdings b) Land goes to peasants
C. South Vietnam 1. President: Ngo Dinh Diem 2. Anti-Communist & Catholic 3. No to 1956 election 4. Corrupt government
D. Vietcong 1. Attack Diem government 2. Ho Chi Minh supported them 3. Ho Chi Minh Trail a) Network of border paths b) Vietnam, Laos & Cambodia
E. Kennedy Administration 1. 1963: sent 16,000 U.S. military personnel 2. Help advise Diem 3. Popularity of Diem dropped / corrupt 4. Hamlet Program: a) Strategic program b) Move villagers to protected areas
Ngo Dinh Diem
F. Diem attacks Buddhists 1. Imprisoned and killed Buddhists 2. Monks and Nuns Protested a) Burned themselves to death b) American officials horrified
G. Diem: regime toppled 1. Diem assassinated 2. Kennedy killed weeks later 3. New U.S. President: a) Lyndon Baines Johnson
U.S. Presidents John F. Kennedy Lyndon B. Johnson
II. President Johnson: expansion A. Escalation 1. “Reported” torpedoes on USS Maddox 2. In Gulf of Tonkin 3. Johnson: air raids on N. Vietnam 4. Tonkin Gulf Resolution: not war, but power
B. “Operation Rolling Thunder” 1. First sustained bombing of N. Vietnam 2. June 1964: 50,000 U.S. troops a) Fighting Vietcong