Graphics vs. Images A graphic is any type of visual presentation that can be displayed on a physical surface like a sheet of paper, wall, poster, blackboard, or computer monitor.

Graphics vs. Images An image is a two- or three-dimensional representation of a person, animal, object, or scene in the natural world

In analog photography, a physical negative is used to make photographic prints. In digital photography, images are recorded numerically as binary data. Because of this, they cannot be directly touched or viewed.

Raster Images A raster image is formed by dividing the area of an image into a rectangular matrix of rows and columns comprised of pixels. Each pixel contains a single color.

Raster Images Mosaic art is a precursor to concept of raster imaging. From a distance, the individual tiles used to form the image are barely perceptible to the naked eye. In fact, our brain works hard to achieve and maintain a holistic impression.

Raster Images - Resolution As you move from left to right, this sequence of graphics progresses from low resolution to high resolution as more pixels (visual information) are added.

Raster Images - Resolution The first portrait of President Ronald Reagan was commissioned by the Jelly Belly Candy Company. It is a low-resolution image compared to the official White House digital photo on the right.

Color Space RGB color space is used in multimedia design (web, animation, television, etc.) CMYK (cyan, magenta, yellow, black) color space is used in four-color printing.

Color Space The primary and secondary colors of white light become visible when it is refracted by a glass prism.

Color Space In Adobe Photoshop CC, the color picker is used for selecting or creating colors. In RGB color space (shown here), the amount of red, green, and blue in a color determines its particular hue.

Color Space A 24-Bit color system is capable of generating a color palette of more that 16 million colors.

Pixel Count

Pixel Count and Camera Resolution

Scaling Raster Images Scaling is the process of making a raster image larger or smaller through a process called resampling. Resampling changes the number of pixels in the image and the color value of each newly defined pixel in the image .

Scaling Raster Images Upscaling often results in a noticeable loss of image quality (increased blurriness). When downscaling a high-resolution image, image degradation is rarely a concern

Cropping Cropping is a photo-editing technique used to delete portions of an image in order to enhance the focus of a main subject or improve composition

Aliasing and Anti-Aliasing Aliasing is the stair-step effect seen here in the close-up view of the letter B. Anti-aliasing is an algorithmic technique used in design software such as Photoshop to soften the perceived jaggedness of the text.

Vector Graphics A Vector Graphic renders an image using paths made up of points, lines, curves and shapes. Vector graphics can be scaled to any size without losing image sharpness or resolution.

Vector Graphics A precursor to vector graphics, the technique of paint-by-numbers illustrates how geometric areas can be filled with color to produce a composite image.

Display Screen Resolutions

Display Screen Resolutions and Aspect Ratio A comparison of some common display resolutions used in multimedia design. Do you notice how the aspect ratio varies?

Moving Images – Scanning Methods Broadcast television images are typically interlaced (left) while video on the Web is often de-interlaced (right), delivered progressively.

From SD to HD to 4K The resolution of SD and HD is compared to the newer ultra HD format. The Sony FDR-AX100 ultra HD camcorder is one of many new devices recently introduced by manufacturers to support 4K video.

_______ color space is used in multimedia design (web, animation, television, etc.), while _________ color space is used in four-color printing. RGB / CMYK

A stair-step effect caused by using square pixels to define objects with curves or diagonal lines. Aliasing

An electronic image formed using mathematically constructed paths, containing points, lines, curves, and shapes to define its visible appearance and structure. Vector Graphic

A high-resolution bitmap graphics format that can be either compressed or uncompressed--commonly used in Photography and printing but not Web-supported TIFF

Resizing an image by adjusting the resizing handles along the outer edge—alone, it does not change the pixel structure of an image but merely shrinks or expands the pixels in the image, potentially resulting in visual artifacts. Scaling

A technique used in graphics programs to smooth out the edges of jagged type by blending the color transition points, such as the pixels along the edges of a letter. Anti-aliasing

The number of bits used to record the intensity and color components of an RGB graphic. Color Depth

A term generally used to describe the quality of a raster image according to the number of pixels the image contains. Resolution

Raster Image (or Bitmap) An electronic image formed using pixels to define its visible appearance and structure. Raster Image (or Bitmap)

_______ compression looks for more efficient ways to store the data without losing any information, while ________ compression reduces file size by rewriting the data structure of a file more efficiently, thus losing part or all of the original file data. Lossless / lossy

A photo editing technique used to delete portions of an image in order to enhance the focus of a main subject or improve composition. Cropping

Created by CompuServe, a Web-supported file format used for encoding bitmap images, supporting up to 256 colors and transparency. It is best used for simple graphics, such as logos, containing solid blocks of color. GIF

A Web-supported bitmap graphics file format A Web-supported bitmap graphics file format. It was designed as a non-patented replacement for GIF, and like JPEG, supports a 24-bit color palette with up to 16.8 million colors. PNG

Any type of visual presentation that can be displayed on a physical surface such as sheet of paper, wall, poster, blackboard, or computer monitor. Graphics

The third and lowest of three levels of resolution defined by the ATSC television standard. SDTV

The terrestrial broadcasting standard adopted by the United Kingdom and other European countries is ___, while the ____ standard was adopted in the U.S. DVB / 8-VSB