The Compressed Development, Social Polarization, and “Moon Village” The Subculture of the Poverty in Changsindong

Urban Ethnography of the Slums William Foote White. 1943. Street Corner Society: The Social Structures of an Italian Slum. A Study of the Italian Slum in North End of Boston The Formation of Gangs “Corner Boys” and “College Boys” Racketeering The Important Values ExchangeofFavors Connections Loyalty Trust

The Black Ghettos in American Cities A Series of the Studies on the Black Ghettos by African American Scholars W.E.B. Du Bois St. Clair Drake Horace R. Clayton William Julius Wilson . 1978. The Declining Significance of Race. Social Class became more important than Race The Rise of the Black Middle Class The Problems of the Black Community Not a Race Problem A Social Class Problem

The Debate on the Issue of the Declining Significance of Race Hebert Gans The Correct Title of the Book The Increasing Significance of Race Criticized Wilson for Accepting the Argument of “Culture of Poverty” Glenn Loury, Wilson’s Harvard Colleague Fundamental Failures of the Black Community High Drop Out Rate from Schools Low Academic Performance Premarital Pregnancies of Teenage Black Females The End of the Civil Right Movement The Supply-Side Solutions of the Black Problems

“Moon Villages”: The Slums in Seoul Guryong Village Gileumdong Wolgokdong Miadong Silimdong Myungryun3dong Joonggedong Jeongnug3dong Changshindong

The Case of Changshindong Location Neighboring Ehwadong Terrain A Steep Downhill Slope An Old Quarry during the Japanese Colonial Period The Influx of the Cut and Sew Shops from Dongdaemun Market to the Area in 1970s About 300 Small Scale Cut and Sew Shops About 2000 Immigrant Workers Employed by the Cut and Sew Shops No Significant Changes in the Neighborhood since 1970s.

The Social Structure of Poverty Cho, Eun. 2012. Sadangdong Plus 25: A 25-Year Record of Poverty. In the Book Professor Cho followed a family of three generations for 25 years, 1986-2011. An Urban Ethnographic Research The Family Manifested Frequent Runaway Drop out from Schools Deviant and Criminal Behaviors Promiscuous Sexual Relationships Conflicts in Marital Relationships Repeated Marriages and Divorces

Discussion The Economic Development Policy of President Park Chung-hee, 1961-1979 The Developmental State “Import Substitution” Policy “Export Driven” Development Policy The Role of Chaebols in the Economic Development The Dominance of the Chaebols in Korean Economy The Political Cronyism The Shareholding Structures of Chaebols The Impact on the Small and Medium Size Business Firms Encroachment of the Chaebols into the Small Business Sectors

Discussion The Korean Economy in the World Market 7th Largest Exporting Country 12th Largest Economy 13th in the Number of Products with Top Ranking in the World Market Share The Impact of the Financial Meltdown of 1997 The Globalization of the Korean Economy The Multiplication of the Offshore Investment The Influence of the Foreign Investment on Korean Economy

Discussion The Impact of the Transformation of the Industrial Structure of Korean Economy on the Labor Market The Hiring Practice of the Employers The “Irregular” Track Jobs The Social Polarization “Inheritance of Poverty” “Structure” of Poverty vs. “Culture” of Poverty “The Demand Side” vs. “The Supply Side” Solutions of the Poverty

Discussion The Housing Market in Korea The Real Estate Investment Practice of Korean Families The Speculative Investment as One of the Causes of the Rising Housing Price The New Town Development Program Korea =The Apartment Republic The Disadvantages of the “Moon Villages” in the Urban Renewal