Warm-up # 5 Your two friends have just finished beating each other up. Their clothes are ripped, faces bruised and broken, and feelings hurt. How do you bring peace? Who pays for the damages? How do you make sure they will not start fighting again?

Essential Questions How was the Treaty of Versailles negotiated? How did the Treaty of Versailles have lasting affects on the world?

Revolt in the East Russian troops revolt against officers Leads to Communist Revolution in Russia

How does it end? 1917: US enters the war and helps Allies defeat Germany on the Western Front.

Consequences of the War Europe lay in ruin Over 9 million dead Over 21 million injured Flu epidemic spreads after killing 1 million more Almost an entire generation of capable workers gone

Versailles Simulation 1. Read “Treaty of Versailles Simulation” (pg. 51 – Class Docs) as a group to get background on the conference (4min). 2. Read the role sheet with you group and decide how you would vote on each of the suggested peace terms and why you would vote that way.

Versailles Simulation 10-12min Let the Conference Begin…. The United States reads and explains the suggested peace term. The group discusses the term in length, stating their opinion and trying to get other countries to vote with them. When all have had a chance to speak, U.S. calls for a vote. Each country gets 1 vote, even if there are two representatives in your group. All record in the margin whether your group accepts of rejects the peace term. Move on to the next term of the peace agreement. Germany can participate in the discussion but does not get to vote.

Treaty of Versailles

Versailles Conference Major Players’ (The BIG three) Motives Great Britain: GER. should be justly punished; not too harsh France: GER. should be severely punished so they could not attack again U.S.: Need a better and more peaceful world

Terms of the Treaty

1. Germany had to accept total responsibility for starting the First World War. This was called the War Guilt Clause

2. Germany had to pay 442 billion in reparations to cover war damages and other Allied losses. These were called reparations.

3. Germany had to hand over some 70,000 square kilometres of land. This accounted for about 13% of all of her land and six million of her people who lived there.

4. The German army was to have no more than 100,000 men and the navy was limited to 15,000 sailors. There was to be no air force and no submarines.

4. The German navy was only allowed 6 battleships and Germany was forbidden to buy any more weapons and other war material.

5. An Allied Army was to occupy the Rhineland for a period of fifteen years. No German troops were to be allowed into the occupation zone.

The Treaty seemed to satisfy the "Big Three" It made sure that Germany was too weak to start another European War, yet strong enough to help stop the spread of Communism. It kept the French border with Germany safe from future German attacks. It created the League of Nations. This would help promote peace and trade throughout the world.

Germans hated the Treaty Especially the War Guilt clause. Many Germans also thought the financial penalties that the treaty imposed upon their country and her people to be immoral and unjust. The German Government officials that had agreed to the treaty became known as the "November Criminals“. Many German citizens felt that they were now being punished for the mistakes of the Kaiser who started the war. http://www.history.com/topics/world-war-i/world-war-i-history/videos/treaty-of-versailles-end-world-war-i

Germans hated the Treaty Especially the War Guilt clause. Many Germans also thought the financial penalties that the treaty imposed upon their country and her people to be immoral and unjust. The German Government officials that had agreed to the treaty became known as the "November Criminals“. Many German citizens felt that they were now being punished for the mistakes of the Kaiser who started the war. http://www.history.com/topics/world-war-i/world-war-i-history/videos/treaty-of-versailles-end-world-war-i