Let America Begin!!! Get your Colonies On…..!

(Plymouth - 1620, Massachusetts Bay Colony) New England Colonies MA, NH, RI, CT Massachusetts (Plymouth - 1620, Massachusetts Bay Colony) Middle Colonies NY, PA, NJ, DE (MD?) Southern Colonies MD, VA, NC, SC, GA Virginia (Jamestown Colony - 1607)

Why did the English settle here? The first permanent English settlement in North America was Jamestown. founded in 1607 by the Virginia Company of London purpose: economic opportunity (to make money) Settlers (all men) were looking for gold and riches Settlers weren’t planning to stay in the New World

All is NOT WELL in Jamestown No one wanted to work -- too busy looking for gold Location made people sick -- mosquitoes, malaria, bad water John Smith took charge in winter of 1607 – forced men to work (“He who does not work, shall not eat”) “Starving Time” (winter 1609) -- all but 60 settlers died before spring

“Starving Time” What were conditions like in Jamestown? How did the settlers survive? If you were a Powhatan, would you have helped the settlers? Why or why not? Video Clip: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZO-vmHFD-9g

Problems Solved 1610 -- Lord De La Warr became new governor, set up strict martial law 1612 -- John Rolfe developed new strain of tobacco – colony now has a way to make money Women and children arrived (impact??) 1619 – Virginia House of Burgesses established first elected assembly in the New World

Jamestown Relationships Powhatan Indians were native to the region Colonists would take food and land, Natives would raid colonist settlements Marriage between Rolfe and Pocahontas helps for a while Opecancaunoh’s war – Surprise attack on many colonial outposts. Killed 300+ settlers (possibly including John Rolfe)

(Plymouth - 1620, Massachusetts Bay Colony) Virginia (Jamestown Colony - 1607)

New England: Plymouth and Mass. Bay Colonies The early New England Colonies were settled by Puritans seeking freedom from religious persecution in Europe Puritans were very religious – but were intolerant of those who didn’t follow their religion Very Ironic…..

Plymouth Rock? 1620 – Pilgrims (a group of Puritans) arrived at Plymouth (Massachusetts) wrote the Mayflower Compact no government in the area, so must create their own formed a “covenant community” brought their families, planned to stay forever What was life like? Clip

Early New England 1630 – more Puritans came to Mass. Bay John Winthrop (leader) wanted to create a “City on a Hill” – set an example for the rest of the world of godly living Town Meeting – a form of direct democracy (all men of the town discuss and vote on issues). But had to be a church member to participate

New England Colonies MA, NH, RI, CT Middle Colonies NY, PA, NJ, DE (MD) Southern Colonies (MD), VA, NC, SC, GA

Remember New England? One problem – religious dissent Puritans wanted the freedom to practice their religion but did not want others to practice a different religion. People who went against Puritan teachings or challenged their ideas about church and government were punished Roger Williams and Anne Hutchinson were dissenters – banished from Massachusetts, started new colony of Rhode Island

Location, Location, Location The settlers moved into three different areas for various reasons New England Colonies - seeking freedom from religious persecution Southern Colonies - seeking economic opportunity Middle Colonies - seeking both religious freedom and economic opportunity

Southern Colonies Settled by people seeking economic opportunity Cavaliers – English nobility who received large land grants in eastern Virginia from the King of England Indentured servants – poor immigrants who agreed to work for 4-7 years in exchange for their passage to the New World]

The “Frontier” Other poor immigrants became small farmers or artisans settled in the Shenandoah Valley or western Virginia also in middle regions Bacon's Rebellion - Frontier settlers wanted support from the Royal Governor against the Native Americans. He refused and the rebellion became violent. Showed differences between wealthy landowners and poor frontier settlers.

The Middle Colonies are….in between  Seeking religious freedom and economic opportunity Settled mainly by English, Dutch, and German-speaking immigrants More tolerance and diversity in language, religion, nationality

Homework Read the article and fill out the graphic organizer on characteristics of the three colonial regions. You can also use your textbook, Chapters 2 and 3.