MILESTONES IN HARDWARE Information Systems - Basics of Information MILESTONES IN HARDWARE www.itlecturenotes.com

Information Systems - Basics of Information COMPUTER HARDWARE Computer Hardware, as you know, are the physical components that can be touched and seen. Hardware typically includes Input-output devices, storage devices, processor and communication devices. Milestones in Hardware The significant changes which have occurred over time in: Models/Shapes It includes Super Computers Mainframe Computers Mini Computers Micro Computers or Personal Computers Laptops and Handheld Computers www.itlecturenotes.com www.itlecturenotes.com

SIZE AND CAPACITY OF I/O DEVICES Computer generations have witnessed the reduced size, better processor, increased capacity and enhanced capabilities with the passage of every generation. Drastic changes have been seen in input/output devices, processors and storage. Input and output devices www.itlecturenotes.com

Information Systems - Basics of Information INTRODUCTION The Word system finds place in our day to day language and life. We often work on a computer system. Hardware and Software are the two integral parts of a computer system, both are dependent on one another and both have to be compatible to get the best results. Selection of hardware and software is a tedious and time consuming task, that passes through several steps, which are: www.itlecturenotes.com Fixing requirements Financial aspects Tender Preparation Tender invites Short listing Delivery Installation Evaluation Review www.itlecturenotes.com

www.itlecturenotes.com INPUT DEVICES Optical Character Readers (OCR) Keyboard Mouse Trackball Joystick Light Pen Touch Screen Track Pad/ Touch Pad Digitizers Scanner Bar Code Readers Optical Character Readers (OCR) Optical Mark Readers (OMR) Magnetic-Ink Character Reader (MICR) Card Readers Magnetic Stripe Reader Smart Card / Chip Reader Touch Screens Voice Recognition Systems Digital Camcorders www.itlecturenotes.com

www.itlecturenotes.com OUTPUT DEVICES Printer Examples Impact Printers Dot Matrix Printer Daisy Wheel Printers Drum Printers Chain Printers Non-impact Printers Inkjet Printers Page Printers Laser Printers Monitor Printer Impact Printers Non-Impact Printers Projectors Speakers Plotters Headphones Webcam www.itlecturenotes.com

COMMUNICATION DEVICES Information Systems - Basics of Information COMMUNICATION DEVICES Adapter: It is used to handle the flow of information bits between computers. NIC- Network Interface Card: It is a piece of computer hardware used for communication over the network. Switch / Hub: It provides a central connection point for cables from servers, workstations and peripherals. Repeaters: Repeaters are used to boost the signals. The repeaters amplify the signals received and rebroadcast them. Bridges: It allow the segmentation of large network into smaller more efficient networks. Routers: These are intelligent bridges, select the best path to route a message based on the sender and receiving address. Modem: It is an intermediately equipment capable of transmitting one computer’s information to the other computer. www.itlecturenotes.com www.itlecturenotes.com

Information Systems - Basics of Information NEW TRENDS IN STORAGE Google Drive: It is 30 GB on-line storage and synchronization service provided by Google, which enables its users to use cloud storage, file sharing and collaborative editing. USB 3.0 flash drives: This version of USB operates up to 5 gigabytes/second, ten times faster than USB 2.0 (480 megabits/second USB 3.0 adds a new transfer mode called super speed, uses two unidirectional data paths- one to receive data and other to transmit. MOD- Magneto Optical Disc: Optical storage-capable of writing and rewriting data. USB Hard Drives: These are reliable desktop external hard drives, are so light weight that you can easily take with you wherever you go. These offer basic add on storage to high performance designs. www.itlecturenotes.com www.itlecturenotes.com

www.itlecturenotes.com PROCESSORS CISC RISC Intel Micro Processor AMD Processors www.itlecturenotes.com

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