Introduction to Medical Math

Identify Components of the Household System of Measurement. Less accurate system of measurement Primarily used by patient who take medications at home. Practitioners responsibility to assure consumer is taking the correct dose Necessary for practitioners to know equivalents from “pharmacy language” to every day common household terms

Conversions Conversion factors are needed in order to change one unit to another unit. Household measurement can be converted into metric units. Remember household measurement is everything you use normally such as feet, inches, yard, pound, ounce, cup, etc…. Metric measurement is anything that deals with gram, liter, or meter. Hint: King Henry acronym - KHD (GML) DCM

Conversion Examples Household to Metric Standard teaspoon = 4-5 ml 1 tbsp = 15 ml 1 cup = 30ml 60 gtt. = 5 ml 3 teaspoon = 15 ml

English Measurements Inches, yards Length Cups, Pints, Quarts, gallons Volume Pounds, ounces Weight

Conversion Examples Metric to Household 1 kg = 2.22 lbs 2.54 cm = 1 in. 1 L = 1 qt 240 ml = 8 oz

Test Your Gray Matter Which of the following is a unit in the household system of measurement? tbl, cm, ml, or mg Which of the following healthcare workers would most likely use the metric system in their daily routine? Housekeeping, Pharmacist, Admission Clerk or Marketing Director.

Metric System About 1670 a Frenchman developed a system of measurement organized according to the decimal system. It has been adopted in every other country except the USA. In prescription and administration of drugs, a working knowledge of metrics is important.

Metric System Most commonly used system in measurement , easy to use since based on parts and multiples of 10. Greek and Latin prefixes indicate what multiple is used : milli- centi- deci- micro- kilo-etc.

Metric Meter (m) Length Gram (g or gm) Weight Liter (L or l) Volume

Fun Fact! A gram of venom from the king Cobra is so deadly that it could kill 150 people.

Metric Symbols Meaning Prefix Symbol 1000 units Kilo k 100 units hecto h 10 units deka da 1 unit base unit m / l / g 0.1 unit deci d 0.01 unit centi c 0.001 unit milli m

Conversion Factors These items will either be given to you or you willhave to remember the conversion factor. You must learn these conversions and be able to recall them from your memory. Examples: 1 inch (in) = 2.5 centimeters (cm) 1 meter (m) = 39.4 inches (in) 1 kilogram (kg) = 2.2 pounds (lb)

Setup for Conversion problem Convert 154 pounds to Kilograms. Conversion factor = 2.2lbs = 1kg Step 1: 154 times 1 = 154 Step 2: 154 divided by 2.2 Step 3: 6.8 kgs The answer is in kgs because lbs cancel out. 154 lbs 1kg 2.2 lbs

Practice Items use conversion chart 196 pounds = ________kg 157 pounds = ________kg 61 kilograms = ________ lb 1.8 m = ________in 157.5 cm = ________in 72 in = ________cm 5’11” = ________cm

Test your Gray Matter! Which of the following metric prefixes means that the measurement is smaller than the base unit? Milli, Hecto, Kilo, or Deka The metric unit that measures weight or mass is: Gram, Meter, Liter, or Pint Mr. Shuback walked 22 meters down the hall with his walker. He asked you how many feet he accomplished? What would you tell him? 42, 54, 68, or 72

Which of the following is NOT a measure in the household system Which of the following is NOT a measure in the household system? Milliliter, Ounce, Gallon, or Teaspoon The system of measurement based on multiples of 10 is known as: The household system, The conversion system, The metric system, or The algebraic system The appropriate abbreviation for the metric term “kilogram” is: k, kg, kgm, or kilogr David was measured to be 6ft. 2 in. tall. How many centimeters tall is he? 74 cm, 148 cm, 188cm, or 222cm

All of the following are metric units EXCEPT: Meter, Liter, Quart, or Gram A man weighs 172 lbs. What is his weight in kgs? 100 kg, 81 kg, 78.2 kg or 60 kg How many kg equal to 1350 mg? .1350, 1.350, 13.50, or 135.0

Fahrenheit and Celsius Temperature Conversion Convert 32 oF (freezing point of water) to degrees Celsius C = F- 32 1.8 Step One 32-32 Answer : 00 = C

Follow a two-step procedure to convert Celsius to Fahrenheit Multiply 1.8 times degrees Celsius Add 32. Convert 200 C to degrees Fahrenheit F = (1.8)(20) + 32 = 680 F

Practice 26.50 C ______ 0F 410 C ______0F 00 F ______0C 350 F ______0C

Test Your Gray Matter! A patient is admitted to ICU with a rectal temperature of 104 degrees F. What would his temperature be in Celsius? 39 degrees C, 40 degrees C, 40.5 degrees C, or 41.5 degrees C. The freezing point of water on the Celsius scale is : 32 degrees, 212 degrees, 100 degrees, or 0 degrees Normal Body temperature is 98.6 degrees F, What is this in Celsius? 35 degrees, 36 degrees, 37 degrees, or 38 degrees

Karen has a temperature of 102. 8 degrees F. What is this in Celsius Karen has a temperature of 102.8 degrees F. What is this in Celsius? 37.8, 38.5, 39.3, or 40.1 A patient has a temperature of 101 degrees F. What is it in Celsius? 36.5, 38.3, 39, or 40.2

Roman Numerals One I Twenty XX Two II Thirty XXX Three III Fifty L Four IV One hundred C Five V Six VI Seven VII Eight VIII Nine IX Ten X

Volume Equivalent 30cc (ml) = one ounce One drop(gtt) = 15 cc (ml) 5 cc (ml) = one teaspoon 15 cc (ml) = one tablespoon One pint = 500cc One quart = 1,000cc One Kiloliter = 1,000cc

Test Your Gray Matter! Mrs. Smith drank 240 cc of milk, 75cc of orange juice, and 120cc of coffee. How much did Mrs. Smith drink in all? 335cc, 325cc, 425cc, or 435cc Jamie, a 2 month old, was given 75cc of Amoxil a day for 10 days for an ear infection. How many ounces did the pharmacist dispense? 2, 3, 4, or 5 The physician ordered Keflex 1 gm IV q8hrs. How many mgs would the patient receive in 24 hours? 1000 mg, 2000 mg, 3000 mg, or 4000 mg

Kim drank 1 pint of orange juice. How many cc’s did she drink Kim drank 1 pint of orange juice. How many cc’s did she drink? 500cc, 400cc, 300cc, or 200cc Blanco’s IV intake was 2500cc. How many Liters is this? 1.5 liters, 2 liters, 2.5 liters, 3 liters Mary voided 240cc urine. How many ounces did she void? 5 oz, 6 oz, 8 oz, 9 oz

The patient drank ½ of a 12 oz drink. How many cc is this The patient drank ½ of a 12 oz drink. How many cc is this? 150cc, 180cc, 210cc or 240cc How many ounces are in three cups? 18 oz, 24 oz, 30 oz, or 36 oz. Which of the following is equal to 3 liters? 6 quarts, 10 pints, 1000 ml, or 3000cc

How many cc’s are there in 3 tsp? 5 cc, 10 cc, 15cc, or 20cc How many gtts are in 5 mls? 25, 50, 75, or 100 Which of the following is NOT equal to 1 Liter? 1 qt, 2 pt, 8 cups, or 1000cc

Let the fun begin.