Organisation of the Report Purpose Areas of focus of the report Methodological considerations Key Findings Conclusion Release Schedule

Purpose of the presentation To report back to the Parliament Finance Portfolio Committee and the nation on what South Africans say about their living conditions as recorded through the Community Survey 2007

Focus areas for the Community Survey Meeting the basic needs Housing and services Water and sanitation, energy and electrification Health issues Telecommunication Tenure status –main dwellings Social security and welfare Developing our human resources Education

Methodological considerations Applied established methods of probability sampling Applied comparative scientific methods for population and parameter estimates Subjected results to scrutiny by the Statistics Council in terms of the Statistics Act (Act 6 of 1999) Council advised Minister and SG to accept the results of the survey Minister and SG have accepted the advice of Council Developed data dissemination techniques for information delivery Multistage probability sample proportionate to size at the second stage of sampling (Dwelling Units) and disproportionate at the (Enumeration Area) Applied scientific methods for Estimates are generalisable at levels of municipality

Sample Size per Province

RESULTS – Release Schedule Two stage approach The first release - 24th October 2007 Statistical release Highlights of key results Brief Methodology – Community Survey 2007 RDP commitment – What South African’s say? The second release – 19th March 2008 Community profile database at municipal level Key municipal data findings Thematic reports Atlas Unit records on CD Interactive web data

KEY RESULTS

Figure 1: Population of South Africa by sex Population of SA Figure 1: Population of South Africa by sex 5 000 000 10 000 000 15 000 000 20 000 000 25 000 000 30 000 000 35 000 000 40 000 000 45 000 000 50 000 000 Census 1996 19 520 887 21 062 685 40 583 573 Census 2001 21 434 040 23 385 737 44 819 778 CS 2007 23 412 064 25 089 999 48 502 063 Male Female South Africa The census results showed that the population of South Africa increased from 40,5 million in 1996 to 44,8 million in 2001. The Community Survey has returned an estimated population of 48,5 million, showing an overall increase of 8,2% since 2001

Population of SA Figure 2: Percentage distribution of population by province – 1996,2001 and CS 2007 0.0 5.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 1996 15.1 6.5 18.8 21.1 11.3 7.7 2.5 7.2 9.7 2001 14.0 6.0 20.5 21.4 11.1 7.5 2.2 7.1 10.1 CS 2007 13.5 5.7 21.5 21.2 10.8 6.7 10.9 Eastern Cape Free State Gauteng KwaZulu- Natal Limpopo Mpumala nga Northern North West Western Figure 3.1 shows gradual declines in the percentage share of the total population in Eastern Cape, Free State, Limpopo and North West since 1996. The percentage for Gauteng and Western Cape are also gradually increasing. The percentage for KwaZulu-Natal has remained almost constant since 1996 while those of Mpumalanga and Northern Cape declined in 1996 but have remained constant between 2001 and CS 2007. The population of Western Cape has increased by approximately 16% when compared to its size in 2001. This translates into an annual growth rate of 2.9%. Western Cape is followed by Gauteng, which increased by approximately 14% compared to what it was in 2001. Gauteng grew at an average rate of 2.4% per annum. Provincial distribution of population indicates that Kwa Zulu Natal is no longer the most numerically preponderous but Gauteng is now the most populous. The population of Kwa-Zulu Natal has increased by 7% over this period of five and half years which is below the national average of 8%. Annually Kwa-Zulu Natal grew at a rate of 1.3%.

Population of SA Figure 3: Distribution of total population by five-year age groups and sex The population pyramids for the years 1996, 2001 and CS 2007 show smaller percentage of populations in the age-group 0-4 years. Data also show that population in the age-group 0-9 has been underestimated in previous censuses and picked up in subsequent censuses when the cohort is older

Housing and Services 0.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 70.0 80.0 Percent Census 1996 64.4 18.2 16.0 0.4 1.0 Census 2001 68.5 14.8 16.4 0.3 CS 2007 70.5 11.7 14.5 3.3 Formal dwelling Traditional dwelling Informal dwelling Other Unspecified Figure 4: Percentage distribution of household by type of main dwelling Over 70% of households now live in formal dwellings. This reflects a steady increase, from 64,4% in 1996, to 68,5% in 2001, and 70,5% in 2007. The proportion of households living in traditional dwellings has decreased steadily, from 18,2% in 1996, to 14,8% in 2001, and 11,7% in 2007. Between 1996 and 2007, the percentage of households living in informal dwellings decreased from 16,0% to 14,5% (a slight increase over 1996 was seen in 2001, when the percentage was 16,4%).

Figure 5: Percentage of households by type of refuse disposal Housing and Services 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 % Census 1996 51.2 2.2 3.2 32.1 9.5 0.2 1.6 Census 2001 55.4 1.5 1.7 32.6 8.7 0.0 CS 2007 60.1 2.1 28.6 7.1 0.3 Removed by local authority at least once a week authority less often Communal refuse dump Own refuse dump No rubbish disposal Other Unspecified Figure 5: Percentage of households by type of refuse disposal • The percentage of households where refuse is removed by a local authority at least once a week increased from 51,2% in 1996, to 55,4% in 2001, to 60,1% in 2007. • There was an overall reduction in the percentage of households having to rely on their own refuse dump, from 32,1% in 1996, up to 32,6% in 2001, and down to 28,6% in 2007.

Housing and Services Figure 6: Percentage distribution of households by type of toilet facility 0,0 10,0 20,0 30,0 40,0 50,0 60,0 Census 2001 49,1 2,8 5,7 22,8 1,9 4,1 13,6 CS 2007 55,1 6,5 20,6 0,4 2,2 8,2 Flush toilet (connected to sewerage system) Flush toilet (with septic tank) Dry toilet facility Pit latrine with ventilation (VIP) Pit latrine without ventilation Chemical toilet Bucket toilet system None There has been a steady improvement in the nature of access to toilets facilities. The proportion of households with access to a flush toilet connected to sewerage disposal increased from 49,1% in 2001 to 55,1% in 2007. There has been a decline in the percentage of households having to use the bucket toilet system, from 4,1% in 2001 to 2,2% in 2007. The use of pit latrines (without ventilation) declined from 22,8% to 20,6%. The proportion of households without access to any toilet facility declined from 13,6% in 2001 to 8,2% in 2007.

Housing and Services Figure 7: Percentage distribution of households by type of energy used for lighting 0,0 10,0 20,0 30,0 40,0 50,0 60,0 70,0 80,0 90,0 Percent Census 1996 57,6 0,4 12,6 28,5 0,8 Census 2001 69,7 0,2 6,8 22,7 0,3 CS 2007 5,3 13,8 0,5 Electricity Gas Paraffin Candles Solar Other Unspecified Use of electricity as the main energy source for lighting increased substantially between 1996 and 2007 (from 57,6% in 1996 to 80,0% in 2007). The use of paraffin and candles as the main source of energy for lighting decreased by more than half between 1996 and 2007.

Housing and Services Figure 8: Percentage of households using electricity for lighting by province 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 % Census 1996 32,4 57,1 79,1 52,6 38,7 51,3 64,2 43,3 85,2 57,6 Census 2001 50,0 74,4 80,4 60,9 62,9 68,9 72,4 71,8 88,0 69,7 CS 2007 65,5 86,6 83,5 71,5 81,0 81,7 87,3 82,3 94,0 80,0 Eastern Cape Free State Gauteng KwaZulu-Natal Limpopo Mpumalanga Northern Cape North West Western Cape South Africa Electricity as the main energy source for lighting increased in all the provinces between 1996 and 2007. Western Cape has the highest proportion (94,0%) of households using electricity for lighting, followed by Northern Cape (87,3%) and Free State (86,6%). Eastern Cape has the lowest proportion (65,5%) using electricity for lighting.

Housing and Services Figure 9: Percentage of households using electricity for cooking by province 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 % Census 1996 23,7 42,0 72,1 45,0 20,5 32,1 46,7 33,9 76,5 47,1 Census 2001 28,3 47,0 72,4 47,6 25,3 38,0 54,1 45,4 78,8 51,4 CS 2007 75,5 81,4 61,1 40,2 56,0 78,0 66,1 88,9 66,5 Eastern Cape Free State Gauteng KwaZulu-Natal Limpopo Mpumalanga Northern Cape North West Western Cape South Africa The use of electricity for cooking increased from 47,1% of households in 1996, to 51,4% in 2001, to 66,5% in 2007. The use of gas, paraffin, wood, coal and animal dung as the source of energy for cooking has been declining from 1996. The increase in the proportion of households using electricity for cooking has taken place in all nine provinces. The highest proportion of households using electricity for cooking is found in Western Cape (88,9%), followed by Northern Cape (78,0%) and Free State (75,5%). Limpopo has the lowest percentage of households using electricity for cooking (40,2%).

Figure 10: Percentage of households using electricity for heating Housing and Services Figure 10: Percentage of households using electricity for heating 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 Census 1996 44.5 1.2 14.3 26.7 8.1 0.9 0.0 4.3 Census 2001 49.0 1.1 14.6 24.6 6.6 0.7 0.2 3.1 CS 2007 58.8 1.0 13.1 20.0 3.9 0.1 2.9 Electricity Gas Paraffin Wood Coal Animal dung Solar Other % The use of electricity by households as the main energy source for heating increased from 44,5% in 1996, to 49,0% in 2001, to 58,8% in 2007. All the other sources of energy for heating, with exception of solar, decreased between 1996 and 2007.

Housing and Services Figure 11: Percentage of households using electricity for heating by province 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 % Census 1996 21,4 39,0 69,4 42,6 19,7 29,6 43,0 32,3 71,5 44,5 Census 2001 23,9 40,5 69,8 46,4 27,4 37,4 49,4 45,3 73,4 49,0 CS 2007 32,4 54,7 76,9 57,0 36,8 45,5 65,9 59,3 80,1 58,8 Eastern Cape Free State Gauteng KwaZulu-Natal Limpopo Mpumalanga Northern Cape North West Western Cape South Africa This proportion of households using electricity for heating increased in all provinces between 1996 and 2007. The highest proportion of households using electricity for cooking is found in Western Cape (80,1%), followed by Northern Cape (76,9%) and Gauteng (65,9%). Eastern Cape had the lowest proportion 32,4% of households using electricity as the source of energy for heating.

Housing and Services Figure 12: Percentage of households with household goods and access to postal facilities 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 Census 2001 73.0 53.8 8.6 51.2 24.4 - 32.3 CS 2007 76.6 65.6 15.7 63.9 18.6 7.3 39.9 72.9 Radio Television Computer Refrigerator Landline telephone Internet facilities at home Post office facilities Cellphone % The proportion of households owning a radio, television, computer, refrigerator and cellphone increased considerably between 2001 and 2007. The demand for telephone landlines is decreasing, probably as a result of availability of cellphones. The percentage of households was computer facilities increased from 8,6% in 2001 to 15,7% in 2007. Only 7,3% of households had access to Internet facility at home in 2007.

Housing and Services Figure 13: Percentage of households that have access to piped water by province 0.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 70.0 80.0 90.0 100.0 % Census 2001 63.2 95.7 97.1 72.5 78.1 85.7 93.9 86.6 98.3 84.5 CS 2007 70.4 97.5 97.9 79.4 83.6 91.3 94.8 89.9 98.9 88.6 Eastern Cape Free State Gauteng KwaZulu- Natal Limpopo Mpumalang a North West Northern Western South Africa The percentage of households with access to piped water increased from 84,5% in 2001 to 88,6% in 2007. There was an increase in the percentage of households that have access to piped water in all nine provinces. Western Cape has the highest proportion (98,9%) of households with access to piped water (98,9%), followed by Gauteng (97,9%) and Free State (97,5% respectively).

Figure 14: Percentage of households by main source of water Housing and Services Figure 14: Percentage of households by main source of water 0.0 5.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0 35.0 40.0 45.0 50.0 % Census 2001 32.3 29.0 23.2 2.4 1.9 1.0 6.5 0.7 0.6 CS 2007 47.3 22.2 19.1 2.6 0.5 5.1 0.9 Piped water inside the dwelling yard from access point outside Borehole Spring Dam/pool River/stream Water vendor Rain water tank Other The proportion of households obtaining access to water from piped water inside the dwelling increased from 32,3% in 2001 to 47,3% in 2007. There was a corresponding decrease in the proportion of households obtaining water from piped water inside the yard from 29,0% in 2001 to 22,2% in 2007 and piped water from access point outside the yard from 23,2% in 2001 to 19,1% in 2007.

Education Figure : Attending and non-attending at an educational institution amongst those aged 5-24 by population group 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 % 1996 72,1 27,9 63,6 36,4 69,3 30,7 75,4 24,6 2001 70,7 29,3 64,0 36,0 70,1 29,9 70,6 29,4 2007 74,7 25,3 64,4 35,6 68,0 32,0 73,1 26,9 Attending Not attending Black Coloured Indian or Asian White Table 4.2 focuses on attendance rates amongst persons aged 5-24 by type of educational institution and province at the time of census 2001 and community survey in 2007. The table shows that in 2001 and 2007 across all provinces, large proportions of learners aged 5-24 years were attending school as compared to other types of educational institutions. Gauteng had the largest percentage of people in this age group who were attending University/Technikon. Attendance at University/Technikon increased from 2.3 % in 2001 to 2.7 % in 2007.

Education Figure : Highest Level of education amongst population aged 20 years and above 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 % 1996 19,1 16,5 7,4 33,6 16,3 7,1 2001 17,9 16,0 6,4 30,8 20,4 8,4 2007 10,3 16 5,9 40,1 18,6 9,1 No schooling Some primary Completed Primary Some secondary Grade 12/Std 10 Higher Table 4.3 focuses on highest level of education attained amongst population aged 20 years and above by population group over the two censuses 1996 and 2001 and CS 2007. The table shows a significant decrease in no schooling across all population groups over the three years. There is a steady increase over the years across all population groups in higher education, with better pronouncement among Whites. For South Africa, the percentage of those with some secondary education is more pronounced across all population groups.

Figure : Percentage of disabled persons by population group and sex Disability Figure : Percentage of disabled persons by population group and sex Figure 5.1 shows that Black African population has consistently the highest prevalence of disability compared to other population groups. For both male and females in all the population groups there is a decrease in people with disability from 1996 through 2001 to 2007. In addition, males among population groups Coloured, Indian/Asian and White have a higher disability than females.

Figure : Percentage of population with each type of disability Figure: 5.2 provide the percentage of disabled persons that were affected by various types of disabilities through the years 1996, 2001 and 2007. The prevalence of sight, hearing, and mental disability show a downward trend through the three years 1996, 2001 and 2007.

Figure : Social grant by five-year age groups and sex 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 % Male 52.7 57.9 35.5 1.5 2.5 3.4 4.2 5.1 6.5 8.9 14.6 23.4 60.6 69.4 72.8 71.2 70.2 21.4 Female 53.5 58.6 35.6 1.3 2.0 3.0 3.9 4.9 7.4 11.8 19.8 64.6 78.0 81.3 83.1 79.1 79.3 24.6 0 - 4 5 - 9 10 - 14 15 - 19 20 - 24 25 - 29 30 - 34 35 - 39 40 - 44 45 - 49 50 - 54 55 - 59 60 - 64 65 - 69 70 - 74 75 - 79 80 - 84 85+ South Africa Table 5.6 shows the total population within their specific age groups who reported to be receiving social grants: The results from the table show more than 70% of population receiving social grants is older population (65 years and above), followed by those in 0-9 year age groups . Those who fall between 15 – 25 year age categories, were found to be the least (1.5%). The table also shows that, out of the total population receiving social grants, females out numbered males.

Social Grant 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 % Male 12.6 12.1 71.5 1.9 0.2 0.8 0.4 0.5 Female 28.3 9.4 58.8 1.4 1.0 Old age Disability Child support Care dependen Foster Grant in aid Social relief Multiple Figure : Percentage distribution of population receiving social grant by type of social grant and sex Table 5.7 outlines the proportion of population receiving social grants during CS 2007. The results shows that, out of the entire population receiving social grants, the majority were receiving child support grant (72% of the males, and 58.8% of the females). The table also shows that the lowest proportion reported receiving foster care grant (0.2%). Those who reported receiving old age pension are: (28.3%) of the women compared to (12.6%) of the males.

Today is better than yesterday. What are South Africans Saying? They say in the areas of delivery of Meeting Basic Needs, 2007 is better than 2001 and indeed 2001 was better than 1996. Today is better than yesterday.

Thank you…