Unit 1 Journal #3 1/14 After I return the folders, any missing work turned in will be half credit. Please turn in any unit 1 work right now! Answer ONE of the questions below when you receive your folder: Describe how warm blooded animal gonad development differs from cold blooded animals. What is the sonic hedgehog gene? What happens if you have too much? What happens if you have too little?
Group #1 Group #2 Table 1 & 3 Table 2 & 4 Terrance Christian Cristell Juan Adrianna Taylor Julian Kevin Tony Jah Kaela Morgan Hannah Marcus Kayla Ashley B Josh Michael Savanna Ashley S Gage David Tyler Njoki Pete Dudly Brianna
TAXONOMY
What is Taxonomy Science of grouping and naming organisms based on similarities.
What are the modern taxonomic levels we will use in Zoology? Dear Domain Mneumonic Device King Kingdom Phillip Phylum Came Class Over Order For Family Great Genus Spaghetti Species
According to this diagram, what is the biggest, most general category? Kingdom What is the smallest, most specific category? Species
Which two organisms are most closely related? #1 #2 #3 #4 Kingdom Animalia Phylum Chordata Class Mammalia Aves Order Primate Carnivora Anseriformes Family Homindae Felidae Anatidae Genus Homo Panthera Anas Species sapiens leo tigris acuta Humans Lion Tiger Pintail Duck Which two organisms are most closely related? 2 & 3 Which organism is the least related to the other three? #4
What is this animal called? Cougar, Mtn lion, Puma? Depends on where you live… The names used above are common names. Scientists use scientific names when referring to organisms. Using scientific names reduces confusion of using regional names.
What’s in a name… a scientific name… Always written in Latin (old, dead lang.) Italicized when typed, underline when written First word is always capitalized genus name (ex: Homo) Second word is always lowercase species name (ex: sapien) A dog, Canis domesticus
Scientific names cont’d… Species name can represent: Color- ex: Acer rubrum is a red maple Who discovered it- ex: Cyriopalus wallacei is a beetle discovered by Alfred Russell Wallace Place where discovered- ex: Aplysia californica is a California Sea Hare
The NEW category… the DOMAIN… Domains are categories that are larger than kingdoms. Three domains Bacteria Includes Kingdom Eubacteria Archaea Includes Kingdom Archaebacteria Eukarya Includes protists, fungi, plants, animals
some autotrophic, most chemotrophic prokaryote “extremophiles” Domain Kingdom number of Cells Energy Cell type Examples Archaea Archaebacteria unicellular some autotrophic, most chemotrophic prokaryote “extremophiles” Bacteria Eubacteria autotrophic and heterotrophic bacteria, E. coli Eukarya Protista most unicellular heterotrophic or autotrophic eukaryote ameba, paramecium, algae Fungae most multicellular heterotrophic mushrooms, yeast Plantae multicellular autotrophic trees, grass Animalia humans, insects, worms
How are cladograms used in Zoology? Show evolutionary relationships Show when certain traits evolved Like a family tree Everything from the perch up has jaws. Organisms below jaws never developed that trait Everything from the lizard up has claws/nails. Organisms below that trait do not have that trait.
Which two animals are more closely related? Which two animals are least closely related? Chimp & Bonobo Gibbon & Human
What do scientists observe to determine placement of an unknown organism? Biochemical similarities (DNA) Morphology (structures) Physiology (similar working parts) Developmental similarities (embryos)
When are dichotomous keys used? 1. Type of tool used to identify unknown organisms. 2. Use a series of steps to identify an organism starting with its most general traits & ending with its most specific traits. How to read one: Read 1st two statements. Which ever is correct about your organism, follow the instructions. Keep doing this until you reach a scientific name. See example on next slide
Geospiza Bird W Bird X Bird Y Bird Z Platyspiza Certhidea Camarhynchus